【作者】 杨敏；

【导师】 曹春春；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国加入WTO后,对外交流已经扩大到了整个社会,扩大到科技经济的各个领域。随着外国人直接到中国进行各种投资旅游,以及我国科技界、企业界和文化界走出国门,各行各业对复合型人才即精通专业业务又有较强的外语能力的人才的需求越来越大。在中国,高校是人才培养的基地。虽然高校培养出的大学生绝大多数也许能够看懂文学名著,还可能在各种各样的考试中取得好分数,但是当真正需要发挥外语能力时却在实用中无计可施,无法看懂英文的产品说明书、合同或者商业文书等。所有这些都暴露了我国大学英语教学的薄弱环节,无法顺应时代要求。因此,专门用途英语教学的匮乏与社会发展对人才需要的矛盾逐渐显露出来,ESP教学已比以往任何时候都更迫切了。现如今,我国的专门用途英语教学是非常落后的,还停留在传统的教学上,专门用途英语教学重点还是单句分析和语法规则教学,无法跟上时代的步伐,满足不了目前培养专门用途英语人才的要求,这就需要一种新的适合专门用途英语教学的教学方法。体裁分析是近年来文体分析和语篇分析中颇为人们关注的一个领域,其根本宗旨是研究语篇的交际目的和语言使用策略。体裁分析超越了对语篇语言表面特征的简单描述,力求从深层解释语篇建构的理据,探讨语篇结构背后的社会因素和心理认知因素,揭示实现交际背景的特殊方式和语篇结构的规范性。随着体裁和体裁分析理论的发展,人们渐渐地使其应用到语言教学之中,尤其是专门用途英语教学中,因而产生了以体裁分析理论为基础的体裁教学法。对于专门用途英语来说,它具有高度的结构化、明确的交际目的、交际对象以及特定的话题,使其语篇表现形式不同于其他的文体,因此,专门用途英语教学更加适合体裁分析教学法的实施。体裁分析教学法是国外专门用途英语教学中非常流行的教学法,而在我国尚处于初级阶段,还不成熟,而且关于它的具体理论研究及实践还不成体系。就中国实际教学情况来说,很显然,专门用途英语教学在中国是极其贫乏的,这样的研究是急需的。因而,在这种研究空白的驱使下,为了满足专门用途英语领域合格人才培养的需要,本文旨在从体裁分析理论的角度探讨专门用途英语教学方法。本研究在理论探讨的基础上提出了应用于专门用途英语教学的体裁教学法及其一系列教学阶段,并为这些教学阶段的具体应用提供了一个教学范例。通过对建议更多还原

【Abstract】 With China’s entrance into WTO, external exchanges have extended into the wholeof Chinese society and also all fields of science and the economy. As foreigners comedirectly to China for all kinds of investments and for tourism, and as the scientific,industrial and cultural sectors of China step out of the country, all fields demand everincreasing inter-disciplinary talent who are skillful in not only their major but in foreignlanguage as well. In China, colleges and universities serve as the main base of talentdevelopment. Though most of their graduates may be able to read masterpieces and scorewell in various exams, they may feel at a loss in practice when a foreign languagecapacity is actually required. As it often happens that they can’t understand Englishproduct manuals, contracts or business documents when required to write or translatethem. All these reveal the weaknesses of college English teaching in our country, whichcan’t adapt itself to the times. Therefore, a contradiction between the lack of ESP(English for specific purposes) teaching and the need of talented people due to thedevelopment of society is gradually emerging, and ESP teaching is more desperatelyneeded now than ever before. Presently, the ESP teaching in China is very backward andremains at the stage of traditional teaching whose teaching focus is still on the analysis ofsingle sentences and grammatical rules, which fail to meet the requirements of the timesand can’t satisfy the current needs of training ESP talents. Thus, a new and appropriateapproach is greatly needed in the ESP teaching.In recent years, genre analysis has been a public-concern area and comprises a newresearch project in stylistic analysis and discourse analysis, aiming at studying theircommunicative purposes and strategies in language use. Genre analysis goes beyond thesurface-level description of language;rather, it attempts to interpret the deep-levelrationale of discourse construction, examines the social and cognitive factors behinddiscourse structure, and reveals the special form of realization of communicativepurposes and the regularity of discourse construction. With the development of the genreanalysis theory, it is gradually applied to language teaching, especially to ESP teaching,resulting in the genre-based approach based on the theory of genre analysis. As for ESP,it has high structural formation, definite communicative purpose, communicative subjectand particular topic, making its discourse form different from other styles of discourse,thus, ESP teaching is more suitable for the implementation of a genre-based teachingapproach. Although the genre-based teaching approach is very popular abroad in ESPteaching, it is still in its infancy in China and its theoretical research and practice is alsoinsufficient.Obviously, there is a dearth of studies on ESP teaching in China. Such studies areneeded considering China’s actual teaching situation. Thus, motivated by such a researchgap and to meet the need of training qualified learners in ESP, this study aims to exploreESP teaching from the angle of the theory of genre analysis. In this study, a suggestedgenre-based ESP teaching approach and its series of teaching stages are put forward, anda teaching model is also provided so as to illustrate how the teaching stages areimplemented in it. Through a discussion of the application of the suggested genre-basedapproach to ESP teaching, the findings could be summarized as follows: (1) Thegenre-based teaching approach can be an effective tool for teaching reading and writingin the ESP context. (2) The genre-based teaching approach is learner-centered andcognitive. In the long run, it helps students to become increasingly independent andself-directed in their language learning and promotes flexible thinking and informedcreativity. (3) The genre-based teaching approach helps students understand texts notonly as linguistic but also as social, meaningful constructs and also balances the masteryof textual forms with the understanding of the process by which they are composed. (4)The genre-based teaching approach offers students a way which is valuable, gives themconfidence and liberates them from their own fears of producing a text by giving themsecurity. Moreover, it provides a means whereby students can analyze the effectivenessof their own writing and that of others, improving their thinking ability.The study holds certain pedagogical implications. From the present study, it isknown that genre analysis is a potentially powerful pedagogical tool in foreign languageteaching, particularly in ESP teaching. This tool can be used to teach students to buildtheir genre awareness, enable students to increase their reading confidence andenjoyment, help students to transfer their learned knowledge to reading and writing moreeffectively, and require ESP teachers to be more qualified in order to play more roles inacting as a teacher, course designer and materials provider, collaborator, researcher, andevaluator.In summary, by focusing on the application of the theory of genre and genre analysisin linguistics to ESP teaching practice, the study attempts to provide insights into ESPteaching in China, an area that has not been adequately explored. The study also providesESP teaching with a new thought and new angle to serve its teaching practice. It issincerely hoped that the present study will be helpful for ESP teaching and shed light onfurther studies in this field.更多还原