【作者】 王剑英；

【导师】 高波；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 高速列车进出隧道所产生的空气动力学效应是现阶段高速铁路隧道设计所面临的首要问题。当列车以较高速度通过隧道时,将会在隧道内产生明显的压力波动和引起隧道出口处的微气压波现象,瞬变压力的峰值、压力梯度及出口微气压波等主要因素,直接影响行车安全、旅客乘车舒适度以及隧道出口的环境问题。为了适应我国铁路发展的需要,有必要对隧道空气动力学效应的规律及其减缓措施进行深入研究。 针对我国的高速铁路发展计划,从理论推导、模型试验和数值计算三方面对4个大断面隧道(单线、双线)的压力波动的传播规律进行分析,讨论了高速列车进出隧道的气动效应以及双线隧道会车时复杂压力场下的压力波动的影响因素、减缓措施等。对隧道出口微气压波进行理论推导和数值计算对比,验证了数值计算的可靠性;得到隧道断面积、列车时速与最大瞬变压力及压力梯度的关系,验证了当双线隧道时速达到350km及以上时断面需扩大到100m~2同时讨论了典型的缓冲结构,得到了阶梯开口型缓冲结构的减压效果最优,缓冲结构长度直接影响减压效果;双线隧道会车时复杂的压力场与隧道长度、会车速度、以及会车位置相关,不同的车速对应有最不利隧道长度,会使会车压力波加倍上升,影响行车安全。分析隧道气动效应的影响因素,隧道长度、道床形式以及车头形状对于压力波的传播有重要影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aerodynamics effect generated by a high-speed train passing through a tunnel is the basic question which the high-speed railroad tunnel designs faces nowatime. At a higher speed, the train entry into a tunnel will cause obvious pressure fluctuation in tunnel and micro-pressure wave radiated from the exit of the tunnel, and the transient pressure peak value, the pressure gradient and the export micro pressure wave are the major impact factors, which directly decide the traveling security, passengers’ comfortable as well as the tunnel export’s environment question. In order to meet the need of our country railroad’s development, lucubration of tunnel aerodynamic effect’s spread abroad rules and corresponding alleviation measure is very necessary.In view of our country’s high-speed railway development plan, this article mainly analysis the spread rule of pressure wave in high-speed railway tunnel about 4 different large-cross sections tunnels (single or double track) with the help of the model experiment, the theory reasoning and the numerical simulation, and discusses the infection that tunnels aerodynamics effect generated by tunnel cross area and the hood, and the complex press field which is made by trains crossing in double-track tunnels, as well as the influence factors and alleviation measures. Contrasting the exports micro pressure wave by the theory reasoning and the numerical computation, the numerical computation’s reliability has been confirmed;obtains the relation of the tunnel cross section, train’s speed with the transient pressure and the pressure gradient, confirms that when the train’s speed is higher than 350km/h in double-track tunnels, the tunnel cross-section must be enlarged to 100m~2. Discusses the classic hoods forms, obtains that the windowless hoods is to be the most superior form and the length of the hood has important function which would reduce the aerodynamics effect. The complex pressure field which is made in double-track tunnels when trains’ passing cross is related to the tunnel length, passing speed, as well as the crossing position, the different speeds correspondence has the most disadvantageous tunnel length, which would cause to double the crossing pressure wave which would affect traveling security. Analyzes the influence factors of the tunnel aerodynamics effect, it is discovered that the tunnel length, the railway bed form as well as the front of a train shape have the important influence regarding to the pressure wave diffusion.更多还原