【作者】 赵静；

【导师】 王超；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,我国河流、湖泊以至水库,都受到不同程度的污染,并且日趋严重,成为当前我国水资源可持续利用的最大威胁。由于我国磷酸盐排放标准实施较晚,大量未经处理的含磷废水直接排入水体使水资源受到严重污染。因此,控制水体中磷的含量具有实际意义。沉积和再悬浮是磷循环的关键步骤。 本论文依托国家“863”重大科技项目——“河网区面源污染控制成套技术”中的子项目“河网水质强化净化与水体修复技术及示范工程”,采取室内试验和室外试验相结合的方法,研究了不同水力条件对土壤吸附总磷的影响,及模拟扰动情况下沉积物总磷的释放情况。 研究结果表明:(1)总磷的去除主要依靠基质的吸附与沉降作用。在不同振荡频率下,振动条件下的土壤样对污水中的总磷去除效果优于静止条件下的总磷去除效果。在无扰动条件下,污水初始浓度的不同对总磷的去除效果影响较大。污水初始浓度越高,总磷的去除量越高。而在振动条件下,虽然污水浓度越高,土壤吸附的总磷的量越大,但是高浓度污水和低浓度污水对总磷的去除效果影响不大。 (2)在两组水深和两组流速的四个组合水力条件下土质水槽的吸附效果研究表明,在相同的水深情况下,流速越快,总磷的去除率越高;在相同流速的情况下,水深越大,总磷的去除效果越差。但是综合比较四种组合条件,随着试验的进行,到水质基本稳定情况下,每个周期的最终累积去除率相差不大。 (3)表层沉积物总磷的释放作用易受到扰动强度的影响。随着振荡频率的加大,磷的释放作用显著增加。在模拟扰动强度为100r/min,150r/min条件下,两样点最大释放浓度分别为0.64mg/L、1.02mg/L,约为无扰动条件下的9倍和14倍。扰动虽然会引起水体中总磷浓度的大幅度变化,然而上覆水体溶解性磷的并没有明显变化,对水体TP浓度的垂向分布影响也不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, the rivers, lakes and reservoirs in China have been polluted. The pollution becomes strictly day by day, which threaten the continuable using of water resource. Because of the late implementation to the phosphate emission control regulations, volumes of wastewater containing phosphate pour into the water body, which makes the pollution strictly. Thus, it’s practicality to control the phosphorus concentration in water. Sediment and resuspending is the key step in the phosphorus circulation.Associated with Demonstration project on techniques about water quality purification of plain river network and water body ecological restoration, which is supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program), two problems are studied in this paper. Combining the inside experimentations and outside experimentations, the paper studies the influence on the phosphorus removal under different waterpower conditions. The phosphorus release under simulative disturbing condition is also studied.The results show the phosphorus removal depends on the sorption and sediment. Under different vibration frequencies, the phosphorus removal effect under vibration is better than under rest status. Under rest status, the sewerage concentration has great infection on the phosphorous removal effect. The thicker the sewerage concentration, the higher remove effect of phosphor is. Under vibration status, the sewerage concentration has no infection on the phosphorous removal effect.Under four waterpower conditions, the adsorption effect in a recirculating flume is studied. Under the same water depth status, the phosphorus removal effect is the higher with the higher velocity. Under the same velocity status, the phosphorus removal effect is the lower with the deeper water depth. Comparing the four conditions, the finally removal efficiencies have no significant difference until the water quality steady.The phosphorus release in the surface layer is affected by the disturbing condition. As the disturbing intensity became greater, an obviously release processwas observed. Under disturbing condition of lOOr/min and 150r/min, the most release concentration is 0.64mg/L^ 1.02mg/L. There are the 9 double and 14 double than under disturbing condition of Or/min. The phosphorus concentration changes largely with be disturbed. But the dissolve phosphorus concentration in the cover water has no significant difference. The disturbing has little effect on the lengthways distributing of phosphor concentration.更多还原