【作者】 陆丰平；

【导师】 赵华绒；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 有机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着绿色化学概念的提出,离子液的研究掀起热潮,离子液体是一种新开发的可代替传统溶剂的绿色反应介质,它克服传统溶剂挥发性、毒性、易燃性、难以保存和回收的缺点,从源头上解决了一般有机溶剂的排放对环境造成污染的问题,因此离子液作为溶剂在有机合成反应成为了近年来的新兴研究领域之一。 硫脲衍生物在化学的每个分支都有应用,特别在医药、农业、工业、生物分子、分析化学等方面。硫脲衍生物作为一种重要的有机合成中间体,如何改进方法更有效,更工业化的合成硫脲衍生物也成为了化学研究中的重点之一。 噻唑啉酮杂环化合物不仅具有较好的生物活性,还具有广泛的药物活性,已成为新农药创制的热点课题之一。 本文探讨以离子液代替传统溶剂,研究在离子液中硫脲衍生物和噻唑啉酮的合成。论文主要包括两个方面: 文献综述了离子液的发展、组成、制备和应用方面的研究。 实验部分主要包括三部分:（1）在离子液[bmim][SCN]中卤代烃被SCN取代后,加热异构化,然后加入胺类合成硫脲衍生物,反应时间短,条件温和,产率达80%左右,且离子液不仅作为溶剂,还作为反应物,是一种从卤代烃出发合成硫脲衍生物的新方法;（2）通过比较在不同离子液中酰基硫脲的合成,发现在[bmim][BF₄]中酰氯和硫氰酸铵反应然后加入胺类合成酰基硫脲的反应,在室温下进行,具有时间短,产率高几乎无副反应产物的特点,离子液可多次回收后再利用,是一种绿色、高效的合成酰基硫脲的新方法;（3）在离子液[bmim][SCN]中加入氯乙酸乙酯生成α-硫氰酸基-乙酸乙酯,然后在乙酸的催化下与胺作用生成噻唑啉酮,离子液不仅作为溶剂,也作为反应物,反应在室温下进行,时间短,操作简单,产率在73%左右。为噻唑啉酮的合成提供了一种新的绿色合成方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ionic liquids have recently attracted much attention as environment friendly media for organic reactions. In contrast to traditional organic solvents, they exhibit obvious advantageous properties including wide liquid range, good thermal and chemical stability, high ionic conductivity, negligible vapor pressure and potential for recycling. Because of these properties, ionic liquids emerge as a new green alternative to traditional organic solvents in the applications of organic synthesis.Thiourea and its derivatives have been found their ways into almost every branch of chemistry. Commercially, they are used in dyes, photographic film, elastomers, plastics and andtextiles. Certain thiourea derivatives are insecticides, preservatives, rodenticides, and Pharmaceuticals. In the academic field thioureas are of great value in the characterization of organic compounds.This thesis has been utilized ionic liquids as solvents for synthesis of thiazolon-4-ones, thioureas and its derivatives acyl thioureas. The thesis mainly includes two parts:The part of the review introduces the development, composition, preparation and application of ionic liquids.The other part of the experiment includes three sections: （1） The thioureas are synthesized in ionic liquid [bmim][SCN] via its reaction with halides and amines. In the process of the reactions, the ionic liquids not only act as solvent but also reactant. The reactions are found to proceed under relative mild conditions. It is a efficient, time-saving and environment friendly method. （2） Acyl thioureas are synthesized using acyl chlorides, NH4SCN and amines in several kinds of ionic liquids. It is found that the reactions in [bmim][BF₄] get the best result with the advantage of short reaction time and high yields. It is also found that ionic liquid can be recycled and reused effectively. This provides a new, effective method to synthesize acyl thioureas. （3） Thiazolon-4-ones are prepared by using ionic liquids [bmim] [SCN] as solvent and reactant. The reactions of [bmim][SCN] with ethyl 2-chloroacetate and amines is rapid and easy. The yields are about 73%. It provides a new method to synthesize the thiazolon-4-ones.更多还原