【作者】 张志刚；

【导师】 李志义；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 在超临界流体染色（SFD）和水溶性药品超细化处理等超临界过程中,都需要大量染料或水与超临界二氧化碳（SC-CO₂）的相平衡数据。为了得到大量可靠的溶解度数据,本论文对分散红60、分散橙25在SC-CO₂中的溶解度及二氧化碳在水中的溶解度进行了实验研究,并分别使用经验方程和PR方程进行了关联和预测。 论文首先介绍了测定分散红60在SC-CO₂中溶解度的实验。实验采用氯苯两级吸收法采样,实验结果应用Ozcan半经验半理论公式和PR方程进行关联和预测。结果表明,分散红60在SC-CO₂中的溶解度在10^-6的数量级,溶解度随着系统压力的升高而增大,并且温度越高溶解度随压力的升高而变化的速率也越大。 接着,针对真实的SFD过程,采用实验的方法测定了分散橙25在SC-CO₂^-涤纶体系中的分配系数。实验测定溶解度的方法与分散红60实验相似,但对结果采用Sung-Shim经验公式进行关联,同时使用PR方程进行关联和预测,所得误差较小。上染量的确定采用了对比水染实验法。结果表明,分配系数随着系统压力的降低和系统温度的升高而增大。 最后,通过静态气液平衡实验法测定了SC-CO₂在纯水中的溶解度数据。实验采用了称重法对样品进行分析,同时采用高精度的气体质量流量计得到样品气体的量。实验结果对比了其他学者的工作,并且采用PR方程进行了关联和预测,模拟结果误差较小,令人满意。结果表明,SC-CO₂在纯水中的溶解度随温度的升高缓慢下降,随压力的升高迅速增大。 通过本论文的实验和模拟工作,得到了一系列物质的溶解度数据。实验设计合理,使用仪器精度较高,并通过了经验方程和PR方程关联验证,因此本文所得结果有较高的准确性。对比其他研究者类似研究的结果,本论文所得数据可以满足相应超临界工艺设计和计算过程对基础数据的需求。更多还原

【Abstract】 A large number of equilibrium data of dyestuffs and pure water in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) are needed in the Supercritical Fluid Dying (SFD) as well as in the other supercritical processes such as micronization of aqueous drugs. The solubility experiments of C.I. Disperse Red 60, C.I. Disperse Orange 25 in SC-CO2 and SC-CO2 in pure water were conducted in this paper. The empirical equations and PR-equation were used to correlate and predict the results.The experiments of the solubility of C.I. Disperse Red 60 in SC-CO2 were carried out firstly. The two stages absorption of chlorobenzene was adoped to sampling, and the results were correlated by Ozcan empirical formula and PR-equation. The results show the solubility of C.I. Disperse Red 60 in SC-CO2 is very small with an order of 10~-6. The solubility increases with the increase of system pressure, and the higher temperature is, the larger increase of solubility with the increase of pressure is.After that, the partition coefficient of C.I. Disperse Orange 25 in SC-CO2 and Dacron system was measured for the practical SFD process. The method of the experiments was similar to C.I. Disperse Red 60. The Sung-Shim empirical formula and PR-equation were used to correlate the results and the better agreenment was obtained. The takeups of dyestuff on Dacron were determined by comparsen with the results of water dying experiments. The results show that the partition coefficient increases with the increase of the temperature and decrease with the pressure.At the end, the static equilibrium experiment method was used to measure the solubility of SC-CO2 in pure water. The weighing method was used to analyse the sample, and the mass flowmeter was used to measure the quatitive flow of CO2. The results were correlated with PR-equation and the good agreement was obtained. The results show that the solubility increases as the pressure increases, decreases as the temperture increases.A series of solubility data were obtained through the experimental and simulation work. The experments were conducted carefully with high precision apparatus, the results were also validated by PR-equation and empirical equation. Comparing with the results obtained by other researchers, the data are accurate, and they can meet the needs of basic data for design and calculations of supercritical processes.更多还原