【作者】 韩燕晖；

【导师】 张志刚；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 公共管理·行政管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国现已进入社会主义建设的重要阶段,城市化进程不断加快,无论是城市的规模,还是城市人口的密度,都有着高速的发展。在城市中,公共危机发生的可能性、突出性、多样性等都是其他地域所不能比拟的。一旦危机在城市发生,不仅会对这个城市的公众带来物质和精神损失,而且由于城市危机所带来的负面辐射影响更大,其放大与连锁反应将会使危机造成的损失和破坏不可估量。因此,城市公共危机必须成为我国各级政府认真对待的重要问题。 本文分为五大部分,分别是导论、城市公共危机防范与救助的理论基础和国际经验参照、现阶段我国城市危机防范与救助存在的问题与原因分析、城市公共危机防范与救助系统的构建以及案例分析。文章首先运用了公共危机管理和城市管理的基本理论,从城市公共危机的概念入手,逐一剖析了城市公共危机的特点、类型、意义等问题。对城市公共危机防范与救助的理论基础进行了深入的研究和分析,并对东京、纽约、新加坡等城市的相关国际经验做了介绍。结合当今中国社会危机的现状,对我国现阶段城市危机防范与救助中的问题也做了归纳与解析,提出了其中存在的8点弊端,为下文的分析提供了一定的依据,并且着重注意了危机管理中的死角这样的细节问题。在城市公共危机防范与救助系统的建设方面,重点论述了七大子系统的建设问题,将城市公共危机防范与救助系统分为了指挥决策系统这一上位系统与预警系统、预案系统、信息系统、保障系统、动员系统、善后系统等六个下位系统,试图构建一个效果显著、职能明确、衔接顺畅、沟通便捷的城市公共危机防范与救助系统。本文的第二个着力点是城市公共危机防范与救助法律体系的建设,对法律体系的三层结构进行了具体深入的阐述,提出了自己对此问题的不同见解,认为应该分别制定《紧急状态法》与《突发事件应对法》,同两法合一的主流观点有所不同。在文章的最后,对近期发生且具有极大影响的吉化爆炸及次生危机哈尔滨水危机进行了案例分析,以这个典型案例作为文章的实证部分,进一步充实了文章的内容,证明了所构建的城市公共危机防范与救助系统的合理性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Our country already entered the important stage of the socialist construction. The urbanized advancement speeds up unceasingly;both city scale and urban population density have a high speed development. In the city, the possibility, multiple and so on of the public crisis occurring, which are all other regions cannot compare. Once crisis in city occurrence, not only can bring the matter and the spirit to this city public loses, moreover because the city crisis brings the negative radiation influence is bigger, its enlargement and the chain-reaction will be able to cause the loss which the crisis will create and to destroy inestimably. Therefore, the city public crisis must become the most important problem that government need earnest treatment.This article has five major parts, respectively is the introductory remarks, the city public crisis guard, the rescue principle foundation and the international experience refers to, the present stage our country city crisis guard and the rescue existence question with cites the analysis, the city public crisis guard and the rescue systematically constructs as well as the case analysis. The article has first utilized the public crisis management and the city management elementary theory, obtains from the city public crisis concept, analyzed city public question one by one and so on crisis characteristic, type, significance. We have conducted the thorough research and the analysis to the city public crisis guard and the rescue rationale, and have made the correlation international experience introduction and the analysis to cities: Tokyo, New York, Singapore and so on. Also we have considered the to-date the Chinese society crisis present situation, have also made the induction and the analysis to our country present stage city crisis guard and the rescue problem. Eight existence malpractices are proposed, which provides the certain basis for the following analysis, and has focused onto the crisis management dead angle such detail problem emphatically. Proposed to the city public crisis guard and the rescue system construction own opinion. There are seven big subsystems construction problems, which have divided into the city public crisis guard and the rescue system the direction decision system this on position system and the early warning system, the predetermined plan system, the information system, the safeguard system, the mobilization system, the damage control system and so on。 Within this six lower positions systems, mobilization system and the damage control system are the quite special area of this article. The separation of the early warning system and the predetermined plan is also one of author’s viewpoints, will try hard to construct an effect to be remarkable, the function is clearabout, links up smooth, the communication convenient city public crisis guard and the rescue system. The city public crisis guard and the rescue legal framework construction is the second point of this article, has carried on specifically the thorough elaboration to the legal framework three structures, proposed own opinions to these problems, proposed regarding this should formulate the emergency law with to arise suddenly the event separately to be supposed to the law, which differs from gathering a mainstream viewpoint with two law. And finally will have also has the enormous influence in the article to the near future the lucky detonation and the secondary crisis Harbin water crisis has carried on the case analysis, by this typical case took the article the real diagnosis, further enriched the article content.更多还原