【作者】 王海涛；

【导师】 詹斌；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 快速消费品是随着经济社会的发展变迁,在我国发达地区逐渐形成的一个概念,典型的快速消费品包括包装的食品、个人卫生用品、烟草、酒类和饮料等。目前,快速消费品行业已经是全球第一大产业,并发展得相当成熟,利润已经非常薄,市场竞争非常激烈。为降低成本,快速消费品企业有的自己建立强大的物流销售网络,有的将物流外包给大型、信誉好的物流企业。快速消费品是一类特殊的商品,与耐用消费品有很大的不同,其消费及其销售渠道也发生了很大的变化,这些都决定了快速消费品物流独特的特点及对物流供应商较高的要求。而我国物流业才刚刚起步,发展很不成熟,与快速消费品对物流的要求不相适应。 近几年我国物流业发展很快,物流行业呈现出理性发展的态势,但在供求上还存在很多问题。从物流供给方来说,我国的物流企业很多是由传统的仓储、运输企业转型而来,在管理水平、技术力量及服务范围上还没有质的提高,真正实力超群、竞争力强的物流企业为数不多。“多、小、少、弱、散、慢”是目前物流市场的整体状况。从需求方的角度来说,物流市场需求呈现多样化与复杂化。随着物流理念的深入,物流需求企业对物流业务外包开始重视,这对第三方物流发展提供了巨大的空间与市场机遇。这些问题在快速消费品物流供需上表现的更为突出,存在过剩与不足、单一与综合、分散与整合、高成本与低质量、快与慢等问题。 物流市场的发展经历了从自营物流向第三方物流转化的过程。我国快速消费品生产企业目前既有自营物流也有外包物流。从发达国家的物流配送模式发展过程可以看出,社会化、专业化的第三方物流配送模式是未来发展的总体趋势。目前我国正处在传统物流向现代化、社会化物流转变的过渡时期。快速消费品行业由于自身的特点,外包物流将是其最佳的选择。随着经济社会的发展,快速消费品物流配送也将逐步向专业化、社会化的第三方物流配送模式过渡。 针对快速消费品对物流配送的要求和物流市场存在的问题及发展趋势,物流企业要从物流网络建设、仓储设施、运输设备、信息化建设、增值服务、资源整合等方面采取措施以适应快速消费品对物流的要求,国家相关部门也应加强宏观引导,以促进我国快速消费品物流健康快速发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 FMCG(fast moving consumer goods) is a new concept forms gradually in developed areas of our country. Typical FMCG includes packed food, personal hygiene thing, tobacco, wines, drink and so on. At present, FMCG industry is the biggest industry in the world, and develops quite maturely. It’s profit is extremely thin and the market competition is extremely intense. In order to reduce the cost, many FMCG companies set up logistics systems themselves or seek help in large-scale, prestigious logistics enterprises. FMCG is a kind of special commodity, which is greatly different from durable consumable. Its consumption and marketing channel keep changing rapidly, so logistics of FMCG has its unique characteristics and it has high requirements to logistics service suppliers. But logistics in our country are not very mature. It does not adapt with the requirements of FMCGLogistics has experienced high development speed in recent years, but there are many problems still. On the part of logistics service suppliers, many logistics enterprises are transformed from traditional warehouse or transportation enterprises. They have little progress than before. There are few powerful logistics companies. On the part of logistics service demanders, their demands become multiple and complicated. Along with the popularization of logistics idea, demanders pay more attention to logistics outsource, which provide the huge space and market opportunity for the development of third party logistics(TPL). All of these problems are more serious in FMCG logistics market.Logistics market has gone through from self-managed logistics to TPL.FMCG enterprises in China are in the process. From the developing process of logistics mode in developed countries, socialized and specialized TPL is the overall trend in the future. Because of its characteristics, logistics outsource will be the best choice of FMCG industries. With the development of economy and society, FMCG logistics will transit to socialized and specialized TPL gradually.In view of the requirements of FMCG, the existing problems and the development trend of logistics market, logistics enterprises should take measures on logistics network construction, transport vehicles, storage facilities, information construction, value added services, resources conformity and so on to adapt the requirements of FMCG Correlated departments also are supposed to strengthen the macroscopic guidance to promote development of FMCG logistics.更多还原