基于虚拟仪器的铁路电动转辙机和串励电机的综合测试系统的研制

【作者】 彭志永；

【导师】 王安；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业自动化的迅速发展,日益复杂的测试任务和测试条件迫切需要功能更强大、成本更低廉、系统更灵活的新一代测试技术。虚拟仪器技术是计算机技术与仪器技术深层次结合的产物,它具有扩展性强、灵活性好,开发周期短等优点。以计算机总线技术和虚拟仪器技术为核心的新技术正广泛应用于测试技术领域,本文以铁路电动转辙机和串励转辙机用电机的测试为背景,研究虚拟仪器技术在此测试领域的具体应用与实现。 电动转辙机是铁路上用来改变道岔方向的电气设备,它的可靠性直接关系到铁路运输的安全;而电机是电动转辙机的核心元件,其工作特性的好坏对电动转辙机的性能有十分重要的意义。传统的电动转辙机以及转辙机用电机测试系统都存在测试时操作不方便、界面不友好等缺点,一般不能实时观察转辙机用电机的特性曲线图,不能使测试人员对电动转辙机和电机整体性能有一个全面的了解,而且不能对电动转辙机以及转辙机用电机提供一体化测试;而本文讨论基于虚拟仪器的方法,利用计算机的强大功能,实现了电动转辙机、转辙机用电机性能的测试与诊断的一体化、小型化、智能化、网络化。 本文围绕设计目标,在简要叙述虚拟仪器技术的基础上,从测试系统总体设计、硬件、软件设计三个方面对系统做了详细介绍。测试系统主要由PC机、数据采集卡和应用软件三部分组成,其中数据采集卡选用NI公司的PCI-6014多功能数据采集卡,系统的测试软件采用NI公司专用的虚拟仪器开发平台LabVIEW进行开发。系统实现后,经多功能转辙机电机模拟信号发生器的实际验证结果表明,系统各项操作功能满足设计要求,测试精度达到技术指标的规定,测试系统对各测量参数的记录波形与模拟信号发生器所输出的波形基本一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the fast improvement of industry automation, a new generation of measuring and testing techniques is very needed by the complicated test-condition and test-task. The technique of virtual instrumentation, with the features of high extensibility, flexibility and short required development time, is originated from the combination of computer technology and instrumentation technology. A new technology based on the technology of computer-bus and technology of virtual instrument is widely applied in the field of test. Take the test of point machine and the motor as the background, the concrete application and realization of the virtual instrument technology of this test domain has been studied in this paper.The point machine is the electrical equipment used to change the direction of rail. Its reliability relates directly to the security of railway transportation. And the motor is the core part of point machine, its quality of operation is extremely important to the performance of point switcher. The traditional test system of point switch as well as the motor test system all has the shortcoming of be not convenient in measuring, unfriendly interface and so on, moreover they all cannot provide the real-time characteristic curves of the measured object, and also can not be able to offer comprehensive understanding of the object’s overall performance to the people;But in this article, a new way based on the virtual instrument and the computer’s formidable function has been discussed, and the test of point machine and motor have been realized with integration, miniaturization, intellectualization, and network .This article revolves in the design goal, in the brief narration virtual instrument technology foundation, and make the detailed introduction of the system from three aspects: the test system design, the hardware design and the software designed. The test system mainly composed of PC machine, the data acquisition card and the application software, we select the PCI-6014 multi-purpose card and Lab VIEWplatform of NI Corporation. After the realization of the system, we test the system with the multi-purpose point switch and motor simulation signal generator, and the measure- result indicated that the system has satisfied operation function, excellent precision, and undistorted output.更多还原