【作者】 朱峰；

【导师】 岳红；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 应用化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 杜仲胶材料工程学理论指出:杜仲胶可以和橡胶共混,由于杜仲胶分子中含有双键,共混时可以方便地进行硫化,从而得到物理机械性能优异的橡胶型材料。 本论文的研究工作是在杜仲胶材料工程学理论的指导下,用天然杜仲胶替代部分天然橡胶,并和顺丁橡胶并用制备一种高耐磨型轮胎用胶料,具体工作有:以硫化胶的物理机械性能为衡量标准,对胶料配方进行筛选(主要有生胶中杜仲胶用量的确定,补强体系的确定,硫化体系的确定):运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶/杜仲胶并用硫化体系的微观结构;通过示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了并用硫化体系中杜仲胶结晶行为,重点讨论了杜仲胶的结晶行为对硫化胶性能的影响;最后运用DMA对硫化胶的动态力学性能及抗湿滑性能进行了分析。研究结果表明:天然橡胶50份,顺丁橡胶30份,杜仲胶20份,硬脂酸5份,氧化镁2份,氧化锌2份,防老剂D 1份,高耐磨炉黑50份,芳烃油5份,硫磺2份,促进剂DM 2份组成的配方所制备的硫化胶具有良好的综合物理机械性能;与传统轮胎胶料相比,该配方获得硫化胶的100%定伸应力、300%定伸应力、硬度(邵尔A)、耐磨性、耐屈挠龟裂性能明显提高,硫化胶抗湿滑性能好,尤其是耐磨性和耐屈挠龟裂性能提高的非常显著,它的拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、回弹性等性能稍微下降;含有杜仲胶的胶料,混炼时有良好的包辊性,混炼胶停放冷却时挺性较好;SEM照片发现,在天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶/杜仲胶并用硫化胶中,杜仲胶的引入导致了三种橡胶的相容性下降,并且随着杜仲胶用量的增加,三种橡胶的相容性越来越差;TEM照片表明,并用硫化胶的微观相态属于二个不同海岛分散的分布状态,并且随着杜仲胶用量的增加,微观相态变化不明显;DSC测试表明,在并用硫化胶中,杜仲胶仍具有结晶能力,相同杜仲胶用量的并用体系中随着硫化程度的提高杜仲胶的结晶能力下降,当硫磺用量超过3份时已经观察不到杜仲胶的结晶行为;随杜仲胶结晶能力的下降,硫化胶的耐磨性和耐屈挠龟裂性能大幅度下降;应严格控制体系中硫磺的用量(100份生胶中硫磺的用量小于3份),使杜仲胶在并用体系中有适当的结晶能力是提高硫化胶耐磨性和耐屈挠龟裂性能的关键;DMA测试表明,随着杜仲胶用量的增加,体系内耗减小,改善了动态力学性能,硫化胶在0 ℃时的tan δ值随着杜仲胶用量的增加而增加。 天然杜仲胶替代部分天然橡胶,和顺丁橡胶并用可制备高耐磨型轮胎用胶料,该胶料具有良好的耐磨性和耐屈挠龟裂性能,是发展轮胎工业较好的胶料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gutta-Percha material engineering theory points that Gutta-Percha can blend with rubbers. Because of having double bond in its structure, it is vulcanized conveniently when blended with other rubbers. Blending and vulcanization can gain excellent rubber materials.Under the direction of Gutta-Percha material engineering theory, the paper uses natural Gutta-Percha that substitutes part of NR to produce high abrasion tire rubber through blending with BR. The work including: formula selecting, observe microstructure of NR/BR/Gutta-Percha vulcanizate through SEM and TEM, study crystal behavior of Gutta-Percha in the vulcanizate through using DSC, discuss effects of crystal behavior of Gutta-Percha on the properties of vulcanizate, analyse dynamic mechanical properties and wet-skid resistance of vulcanizate by using DMA. The result shows that the formula (NR 50phr, BR 30phr, Gutta-Percha 20phr, stearic acid 5phr, magnesia 2phr, zinc oxide 2phr, antioxidant D 1phr, high abrasion fine furnace black 50phr, aromatic oil 5phr, sulfur 2phr, accelerant DM 2phr) is the most excellent. Comparison with traditional tire rubber, the vulcanizate of above formula has higher modulus at 100%, modulus at 300%, shore A hardness, abrasion resistance and flex cracking resistance, wet-skid resistance of the vulcanizate is also good, especially abrasion resistance and flex cracking resistance are much better, but its tensile strength, elongation at break and rebound resilience are a little lower. The blend that contains Gutta-Percha has a very good property of besieging roller, when placed and cooled, the blend is getting harder and harder. SEM photographs find that because of Gutta-Percha existence, compatibility of NR, BR, and Gutta-Percha becomes worse, and with Gutta-Percha content increasing, the compatibility of NR, BR, and Gutta-Percha is becoming worse and worse. TEM photographs show that the microstructure of NR/BR/Gutta-Percha vulcanizate belongs to distribution state of two different sea-island decentralization, and with Gutta-Percha content increasing, the microstructure of vulcanizate changes unobviously. DSC testing shows that Gutta-Percha still has crystal ability in the NR/BR/Gutta-Percha vulcanizate, crystal ability of Gutta-Percha decreases in the blend that contains the same Gutta-Percha content along with curing degree increasing, Gutta-Percha in the blend has no crystal ability when sulfur content is more than 3phr. Abrasion resistance and flex crackingresistance of vulcanizate reduce seriously along with curing degree increasing, in order to get vulcanizate that has fine abrasion resistance and flex cracking resistance, control sulfur content strictly that is less than 3phr. DMA testing shows that with Gutta-Percha content increasing, internal friction decreases, and improves dynamic mechanical properties. The tan 6 at 0°C is increasing along with Gutta-Percha content increasing.It is a very good way that natural Gutta-Percha substituting part of NR produces high abrasion tire.更多还原