【作者】 朱珂；

【导师】 郭静；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 许多实际废水的温度都低于中温范围;同时大多数的城市污水和许多工业废水的COD值都小于1000mg/L,为了降低废水处理的费用和能耗,就必须研究发展在低温条件下处理低浓度有机废水的高效厌氧反应器。ASBR—SBR串联工艺处理低温低浓度有机废水的研究课题是教育部天南大合作项目《现代废水处理新技术》的子课题。本文研究了ASBR处理低温低浓度有机废水的特性,并将ASBR—SBR串联系统应用于低温条件下处理低浓度有机废水,以充分发掘ASBR去除污染物和SBR除磷脱氮的优势,开发一种经济、有效的低温低浓度有机废水厌氧—好氧处理新工艺。试验表明通过有效的运行控制,ASBR反应器的可以在低温条件下60d内成功启动,对进水COD的去除率在30%以上,在低温低浓度进水条件下启动关键是在不同启动阶段对ASBR采取不同的运行方式,为ASBR厌氧工艺处理低温低浓度废水奠定了基础。试验表明ASBR可以对低温低浓度有机废水取得较好的处理效果。在进水温度10～23℃,进水COD浓度在200～700mg/L之间,水力负荷1.5～3 m³/m³·d,ASBR对进水COD的处理率基本在35%以上。在温度高于13℃时,温度对ASBR处理效果的影响不明显,大多数的城市污水和工业废水都可以满足该温度要求。确定的ASBR的最佳水力负荷是2m³/m³·d。机械间歇搅拌效果较好,但间歇时间不宜过长。但是ASBR在处理超低浓度的废水时效果不稳定。试验表明ASBR-SBR串联系统可以高效地处理低温低浓度有机废水。串联系统对进水COD的总去除率基本在85%以上,出水COD浓度在50mg/L以下。通过对SBR反应进行适当的运行控制,系统对NH₄⁺-N和PO₄^3--P具有较好的处理效果,尤其是对NH₄⁺-N的去除率很高,可以达到100%,且抗冲击负荷能力强。在控制SBR中MLSS浓度在5000ml/L左右,曝气阶段最高DO浓度在3-4mg/L之间,曝气3h、沉淀1h出水的运行工况下,系统对PO₄^3--P的去除效率最高,可以达到90%以上。ASBR可以消化SBR产生的剩余污泥,系统污泥产率为0.103kgMLSS/kgCOD,仅为传统好氧污水处理系统污泥产率的1/4。本试验研究表明ASBR厌氧工艺在低温条件下的快速启动和有效处理低浓度有机废水是可行的,同时说明ASBR—SBR串联系统可以经济、有效地处理低温低浓度废水,具有COD去除效率高、可除磷脱氮和剩余污泥产率低的特点,为解决我国面临的日益严峻的环境问题、能源问题提供了新的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The temperature of most of municipal sewage and lots of process wastewater is belowmesophilic range, and the strength is below 1000mgCOD/L. For the purpose ofreducing the cost of wastewater treatment and energy consumption, we must researchand develop anaerobic reactor that can treat the wastewater with low strength at lowtemperature.In the research on the treatment of organic wastewater with low strength at lowtemperature using ASBR—SBR, we focus on the specialties of quick startup andoperation of ASBR, and apply ASBR-SBR system to treat wastewater with lowstrength at low temperature. The aim is to exert the superiorities of ASBR and SBR,and to develop a new kind of treating method.The research indicates the quick startup of ASBR treating low strength wastewater atlow temperature is feasible.ASBR can treat the low strength wastewater at low temperature with proper efficiencyand low energy consumption. The effect of temperature above 13℃could be ignored,and most of municipal sewage and process wastewater can meet this requirement. Thebest hydraulic loading is 2m³/m³d. The intermittent agitation with machine results inhigher COD removal rate, but the intermittent time cannot be too long.The research indicates ASBR-SBR could treat the low strength wastewater at lowtemperature with high efficiency and low energy consumption. The total CODremoval rate is above 85%, and COD of effluent is below 50mg/L. By properoperation control, the system can get high NH₄⁺-N and PO₄^3--P removal rates of morethan 90%. The best operating condition for PO₄^3--P removal is to control DO between3-4mg/L during the 3-hours’ reacting stage and drainage after 1-hour settling stage.The optimum concentration of MLSS in SBR is about 5000ml/L. ASBR can digestthe residual sludge from SBR, and the total yield of residual sludge is0.103kgMLSS/kgCOD.The research shows it is feasible for the quick startup and operation of ASBR treatinglow strength wastewater at low temperature, and ASBR-SBR system can treatwastewater at low temperature with high efficiency, low residual sludge and lowenergy consumption, which could solve the serious environment and energy shortageproblems facing to our country.更多还原