【作者】 黄新；

【导师】 蒋永清； 刘建新；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究通过苜蓿草粉及草粉加纤维酶替代部分全价日粮在杜洛克生长肥育猪的应用,以饲养试验、消化试验、屠宰测定来综合评定苜蓿草粉对生长肥育猪不同生长阶段的生长性能、肉质、消化器官发育、养分消化率等的影响,着重阐明苜蓿草粉在猪生产实践中的添加水平,进一步充实苜蓿应用理论,提高苜蓿在猪生产中的利用,开拓猪饲料资源(特别是蛋白饲料资源),为节粮型畜牧业的发展提供科学依据。 试验一:在20kg～60kg阶段,各试验组猪分别以苜蓿草粉5%、10%、20%和20%+0.1%纤维素酶替代配合饲料,在60kg～100kg各试验组猪分别以苜蓿草粉10%、15%、25%和25%+0.1%纤维素酶替代配合饲料,进行饲喂试验,评定苜蓿草粉及草粉加纤维酶替代部分全价日粮对杜洛克生长肥育猪生长性能的影响。结果表明:在猪生长阶段(20kg～60kg),同粮中添加5%～10%的苜蓿草粉有利于猪的生长,日增重显著增加,分别提高了10.38%和6.27%(P<0.05),料肉比显著下降,分别下降了7.62%和9.97%(P<0.05),饲料成本降低8.91%-12.44%,对猪日采食量的影响不显著。而20%的替代率则使得猪日增重显著下降,为14.9%(P<0.05),料肉比显著升高了15.25%(P<0.05)。在60-100千克阶段,苜蓿草粉替代组的生长性能均低于对照组,其中10%替代组的日增重略低于对照组(2.2%),15%和25%替代组显著低于对照组,分别为14.18%和26.34%(P<0.05);10%替代组的饲料成本比对照组降低3.69%。猪苜蓿草粉替代组的日采食量均低于对照组,而且替代率越高,降低的幅度越大。生长肥育阶段(20kg～100kg),在高含量苜蓿草粉日粮(即20%-25%草粉替代全价日粮)中添加纤维素酶组的日增重、料肉比略优于不添加组。 试验二:饲养试验结束后,采用内源指示剂法测定不同处理组的日粮营养成分消化率,探明不同草粉替代率对日粮营养成分消化率的影响。结果表明:在日粮中添加苜蓿草粉后,猪的养分消化率在生长阶段(20kg～60kg)添加量为10%以下时,养分的干物质、粗蛋白和粗纤维消化率有所下降,但差异不显著;随着更多还原

【Abstract】 A feeding trial, a digestion trial and a slaughter trial were conducted to evaluate the effect of adding different amount of alfalfa meal and alfalfa meals plus cellulase in diet on the growing performance, meat quality, digestive organ development and nutrient digestibility of growing-fishing Duroc .The results showed that:(1) In the feeding trial, during the 20kg~60kg stage , 5%, 10%, 20% alfalfa meal and 20% alfalfa meal +0. 1% cellulase were respectively added to four experiment groups, during the 60kg~100kg stage , 10%, 15%, 25% alfalfa meal and 25% alfalfa meal +0. 1% cellulase were respectively added to four experiment groups. The results showed that during 20kg~60kg stage, the ADG significantly increased by 10.38% to 6.27% and feed to gain ratio decreased by 7.62-9.97%(p<0.05) for 5%-10% substitute ratio, with no difference on dry matter intake between treatments; the feed cost decreased 8. 9l%~12. 44%. Adding 20% alfalfa meal in diet had significant effect on ADG (P<0. 05) (decreased 14. 9%) and feed/gain (P>0. 05) (increased 15. 25%). During the 60kg~100kg stage, the growth performance of adding alfalfa meal groupswere all lower than the control group, the ADG for10%, 15%, 25% substitute ratio decreased by 2.15%(P > 0. 05), 14.18%(P<0. 05) and 26.34%(P<0. 05) respectively; The feed cost of 10% alfalfa meal group was 3. 69% lower than the control group, the feed intake of adding alfalfa meal groups were all lower than the control group and the more alfalfa meal contained in the diet, the lower the feed intake was. During the 20kg~100kg stage , adding cellulase in 20%~25% alfalfa meal diet could decrease feed/gain and increase ADG slightly.(2)To evaluate the effect of adding different amount alfalfa meal in diet on the nutrient digestibility, a digestion trial with endogenous indicator was conducted . The result showed that : when the adding amount was below 10% , the digestibility of dry matter , crude protein and crude fiber were all decreased, but there were no significant difference ; the increased adding amount of alfalfa meal in diet would decrease the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber significantly, and the more alfalfa meal contained in the diet, the lower the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein was , adding cellulase in high alfalfa meal diet had no significant effect on the nutrient digestibility , although it could improve the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of 60kg~90 kg stage finishing pigs slightly.(3) To investigate the effect of adding different amount alfalfa meal in diet on the meat quality and digestive organ development, a slaughter trial was conducted and the result showed that: adding alfalfa meal in diet had no significant effect on digestive organ development and meat quality , the back-fat thickness decreased slightly. Adding 5%~15% alfalfa meal in diet could increase dressing percent , but it was not significant .During the 20kg~100kg stage , adding cellulase in high alfalfa meal (20%~25% alfalfa meal ) diet could increase dressing percent and decrease back-fat thickness , but the difference was not significantand it had no significant effect on the meat quality and digestive organ development.Based on the above results, it was suggested that the optimum alfalfa meal included in diet of growing stage(20kg~60kg) pig was about 5%~10% and finishing stage(60kg~100kg) was about 10%更多还原