【作者】 陈琳；

【导师】 孙优贤； 刘翔；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 数字控制系统是数字计算机和控制技术结合的产物,具有稳定性好、精度高和运算速度快等优点,被广泛应用于电气、电子、控制、系统工程等领域。数字控制系统虽然具有多任务控制的功能,然而当控制任务变得复杂时,就需要进行系统优化。在不同的领域中,数字控制系统优化的方法也要根据具体的系统来作相应的调整。每一类具体的模型都有其特有的结构或特征,对这些特征的研究和结构的剖析,将能够极大的增强系统优化求解方法的有效性。结合具体的系统特征,给出合适的特定优化算法,才是将最优控制理论应用到实际工程问题中的最优策略。 本文结合具体的数字系统模型和需求,根据数字控制系统的特征,以及优化算法的原理,对两类数字控制系统进行了相应的优化方案研究,并设计开发了仿真系统,然后将理论上的优化算法应用到实际系统中。相关主要工作包括以下几个方面: （1）针对数字控制系统和最优控制问题,提出了在数字控制系统中进行优化研究的必要性。 （2）设计出线性离散状态空间的最优控制器。依据l₁优化设计理论,应用数学规划方法,得到线性离散系统的最优l_∞优化输出误差序列,由此求取闭环系统的最优最小实现和闭环极点。然后对原系统进行极点配置并引入反馈,实现最优控制器的设计,通过仿真对控制器进行了性能评价。该控制器的设计方法由时域指标可以推导出系统的极点配置,将系统的最优时域性能和系统的鲁棒稳定性对应了起来。 （3）设计了城市单交叉路口优化控制器。基于对城市道路交叉口最优控制问题的分析,面向对象地建立交叉路口的通用模型,该模型较好的描述了任意个路口、任意相位的单交叉口。文中提出了一种新的信号优化控制方案,分别对车流相位和通行时间进行优化,实时传递路口交通情况。更多还原

【Abstract】 Digital Control System is the combination of computer and control technology, which is widely applied in various areas, such as electrical, electronics, control systems, and some other fields related for its characteristics of high stability, high precision and quick operation speed. Although digital control systems can conduct multitask control, system optimizations are required while the task becomes complex. Due to different configurations and characters of systems, the methods of optimization are different according to different digital control system. To enhance the effectiveness of the system optimization method, the analysis of the characteristic and structure for the systems must be performed. Deriving different optimization method according to different characteristic is the best strategy of applying optimization theory to real project.Based on the characters of digital control system and the theory of optimization control, this paper studies the optimization method of two practical digital control systems according to the system models and demands. Then a simulation system is developed, which is applied to real systems. The main detailed research works can be described as follows:1) The necessity of optimization studies in digital control system is proposed based on digital control system and optimization control problem.2) Optimization controller for linear discrete-time state space model is designed.Based on the linear programming, the optimal l_∞ output error sequence for lineardiscrete-time system is developed. Then the optimal minimum realization and closed-loop poles of the closed-loop system can be achieved. Furthermore the optimal controller can be given by pole placement and dynamic feedback. This method associates performance in the time domain with system robust stability.3) Optimization controller for single intersection is designed. Based on analysis of optimal control problem on intersection, this paper sets up a object-oriented general model, which describes the single intersection with random crossings and random phases. A new signal control method was put forward, which optimizes the phases and green time separately, transfers the traffic of intersection in real time. The new method is practical and easy to be realized.更多还原