【作者】 冯光；

【导师】 蔡兆麟；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 流体机械及工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,旋转机械广泛应用于诸多工业生产部门,而转子是其用来转换能量的决定部件,因此,转子强度的保证是旋转机械进行安全工作的前提。用经典结构力学的传统计算法进行强度校核,可解决较为简单的工程问题,并能对复杂工程进行一定估算; 随着计算机日益广泛的应用和CAE技术的逐步发展,有限元法已迅速成为一种有效的数值方法,它可以通过对转子的三维实体建模进行数值模拟分析,得到比传统方法更准确的强度校核结果。针对这两种校核方法,本文对旋转机械的强度校核进行了系统参数化开发和设计,使旋转机械的强度校核有了一个快捷有效的方法,并通过该参数化软件的应用对转子的强度进行相关研究。首先,根据传统结构力学方法在旋转机械强度校核中的应用,把计算公式进行参数化处理,来代替平时设计的手工计算。其次,由于有限元建模和网格生成要占整个有限元分析的大部分人工时间,已成为CAD-CAE现代设计方法中的一个瓶颈。本文在充分分析旋转机械转子结构特点和熟练掌握大型有限元软件ANSYS的基础上,采用面向对象技术和数据库技术,利用VB对ANSYS进行捆绑式二次开发,集成了模型的前处理、求解和后处理过程,巧妙避免了这一技术瓶颈,使用户无需掌握ANSYS软件就可以很方便的使用ANSYS对模型进行优化设计。利用该参数化软件对各种旋转机械转子的叶轮进行了强度分析,并根据周期对称模型分析法,通过对结果应力云图和位移云图的分析,给出了改善叶轮强度分布的各种优化措施; 通过软件对各种旋转机械转子的叶片、叶轮和轴进行了振动分析,得出其固有振动频率和相应的振型。同时,分别用软件的传统方法模块和有限元法模块进行分析比较,来评价二者的优劣和作用。另外,还采用接触单元对孔轴过盈配合联接组件进行了有限元分析,得到更为精确的强度分布。最后,在对ANSYS的UIDL原理进行概述的基础上,通过具体实例,探讨了用UIDL对ANSYS进行另一种途径的开发过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, the rotating machinery is widely used in many industry production departments. And rotor is the most important key components of energy transformation, so the strength’s insurance of rotor can make the rotating machinery work in security. Apply the traditional method of classical structural mechanics to check strength, we can only solve some simple engineering problems, and estimate some complicated projects. With the broad application of computer and quickly development of CAE technology, the Finite Element Method(FEM) has become a kind of effectual numerical method. In order to get the more exact results, we can analyze the distribution of the strength in the rotor by establishing the 3-D finite model with the Finite Element Method. In instead of the above two methods, a parameterized systematic program was developed to check the strength in the rotor. Firstly, based on the application of traditional classical structural mechanics in the strength check of rotating machinery, the calculating formulas were parameterized to replace the handwork calculation. Secondly, because the modeling and meshing occupy a majority of times which the finite element analysis spend, this has been a bottleneck in modern CFD-CAE design. In this paper, based on sufficiently analyzing the structure characteristic of rotating machinery rotor and skillfully grasping ANSYS which is a commercial finite element soft, the parameterized program for rotating machinery rotor utilized OOP and database technologies to develop binding ANSYS, it made up of the preprocessor, solution and postprocessor and avoided the bottleneck mentioned above. So without mastering ANSYS, the user can use the program very conveniently to optimize the design of productions. With the parameterized program, the distribution of the strength in the diversified impellers was analyzed. Through the periodic symmetry model, the distribution of stress and displacement was reformed. The natural frequency and corresponding mode were obtained by analysis of vibration for the blade, impeller and shaft. At the same time, the traditional method module and FEM module were compared to decide which was better when resolve the same problem. Furthermore, the contact finite element was adopted to gain the accurate distribution of strength in the subassembly with the interference between the axle hole and the shaft. Finally, after introduction of User Iterface Design Language(UIDL) mechanism in ANSYS, another approach to develop ANSYS with the function of UIDL was discussed.更多还原