大学学科竞争力及其培育研究

【作者】 李利平；

【导师】 庞青山；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 高等教育学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 知识经济时代,国家之间的竞争在根本上取决于各自大学间的竞争。围绕着争创一流大学,不仅在世界范围内,就在一个国家内的各所大学之间,其竞争也相当激烈。大学间的竞争以其学科竞争为基础,为此,如何培植大学的学科竞争力,不仅具有现实的紧迫性,而且具有长远的战略意义。 论文主要采取文献法、调查法和比较法三种研究方法,遵循“概念界定—要素分析—原因探究—对策建议”的研究思路,通过案例对比研究,探讨大学学科竞争力及其培育途径。 论文首先指出,“大学学科”是一种以知识分类为依据,以高深专门知识为主要内容的承担大学人才培养、科学研究和社会服务职能的基本形式。基于“竞争力”主要体现为一种比较优势,本文认为,“大学学科竞争力”是指大学中的学科作为竞争主体,在国际或国内竞争中所表现出来的力量或者能力。大学学科竞争力具有整体性、动态性、独特性和自学习性等特征。 大学学科竞争力主要由环境要素、基础要素和核心要素三类要素构成。其中环境要素主要包括政治经济环境和学校管理环境;基础要素包括图书情报、实验设备、科研经费、学科整体队伍等;而核心要素则包括学科研究方向、学科带头人、学科组织形式以及学科文化等几个方面。 论文选取了A、B两所重点大学的工程热物理学科进行比较分析,从人才培养、科学研究、社会服务以及硬件建设四大方面具体比较了这两所大学该学科的竞争力现状,指出在师资队伍结构、学科发展战略、学科组织形式以及学科文化等方面的不足是导致B大学工程热物理学科竞争力相对较弱的基本原因。 基于上述分析结果,论文最后提出了培植我国大学学科竞争力的如下举措:营造良好的学科发展环境、建设高水平的学科队伍、制定科学的学科发展战略规划、创建多样化的学科组织形式;以及努力形成优良的学科文化等。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the era of Knowledge-Economy, the competitions among different nations essentially base on competitions between their respective universities. To form first-class universities, the competitive activities become rather fierce not only in world-wide range, but in a country. Since the competitions among universities base on their disciplinary competitions, cultivating competitive ability of university discipline has strategic meaning in the long term as well as an urgent thing today.The dissertation walks the logic road of conception defining -elements analysis - cause exploring - measures adopting, by using the methods of document researching, investigation, and comparison. Through the comparing research of the two examples, the author finds out some effective ways of cultivating competitive ability of university disciplinary.The dissertation first defines the university discipline as the basic form that exercises the basic functions of the university with the in-depth special knowledge as its content, and with the classification of academic knowledge as its foundation. Since competitive ability appears a kind of comparative superiority, the dissertation defines "competitive ability of university discipline" as a kind of strength or ability which the university discipline appears in the competitive activities among countries or in a country. Competitive ability of university discipline has the characteristics of wholeness, variation, uniqueness, and self-learning.Competitive ability of university discipline consists of three categories of elements which includes surrounding factors, fundamental factors, and core factors, among them, surrounding factors include political and economical surrounding, university management surrounding; the fundamental factors include books and reference materials, experiment instruments, researching funds, faculty quality and structure, the core factors consists of the research field, the quantity and quality of the disciplinary director, the types of disciplinary organization and the state of disciplinary culture.The author selects the discipline of engineer and thermal physicsfrom University A and University B, comparing their competitive abilities from the three aspects of talents- cultivating, scientific research, and society service, and points out that the basic causes which leads to a weaker competitive ability are the shortcomings lying in discipline development surrounding, faculty quality and structure, discipline development strategy, disciplinary organization types and disciplinary culture.Based on the above analysis outcomes, the dissertation puts forward some measures on cultivating competitive ability of university discipline, which includes building an suitable surrounding to discipline development, form a high-level research group, caring out a scientific disciplinary development strategy, building vary disciplinary organization types and forming an excellent disciplinary culture.更多还原