公共卫生事业管理的伦理分析

【作者】 刘激扬；

【导师】 李建华；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 伦理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 公共卫生对于维护人类的生命健康,防治疾病,促进社会和经济发展,起着十分重要的作用。公共卫生通过有组织的社会努力改善环境卫生,控制地区性的疾病,教育人们关于预防疾病的知识,组织医护力量对疾病作出早期诊断和预防治疗,并建立一套社会体制,保障社会中的每一名成员都享有能够维持身体健康的生活水准。公共卫生的主要职能本身蕴涵着丰富的伦理诉求。 在公共卫生中,政府主要是通过评估、优化政策和保证等途径进行管理;而对于个人而言,公共卫生是人群和其所处环境的一种关系,而这种关系并不以有意义的方式在个例中体现出来。我国的公共卫生状况存在着如公共卫生资源分配不均等诸多的伦理缺失,但其系统正在不断完善与发展之中,并体现出深切的伦理关怀。 与其它公共活动与事业一样,公共卫生由于其参与者的丰富多样,构成了错综复杂的伦理关系。为协调这些关系,公共卫生事业管理中应遵循集体利益原则和机会平等原则。政府在公共卫生管理中的伦理责任包括及时公开公共卫生信息、公平分配公共卫生资源、以及科学引导公共卫生活动。更多还原

【Abstract】 Public health is of key importance to maintain human health, prevent disease and promote social and economical development. Via organized society efforts, public health cause improves environmental sanitation, control regional diseases, instruct people in personal sanitation and organize professionals to make early diagnosis and prevention to diseases, thus resulting the establishment of a social mechanism to ensure the right of every social individual to maintain the healthy life standard. The major function of public health itself contains a rich ethical implication.The government administrates public health mainly via evaluation, optimizing common policies and guarantees; as for individuals, public health is the relationship between people and the surroundings around, which is not significantly visible in single sample. The status quo of public health in China bears such ethical deficiencies as misdistribution of public health resources, but its system is now under perfection and development and showing deep ethical concern.As other public activities and causes, public health forms complicated ethical relations due to its various joint participants. To coordinate these relations, public health cause administration should follow the principle of common interests and opportunity equality. The ethical responsibility of the government consists of factors such as timely publication of public health information, appropriate distribution of public health resources and scientific guidance to public health activities.更多还原