液压静力压桩机偏桩机理及对策研究

【作者】 王凌辉；

【导师】 胡均平；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 液压静力压桩技术作为一项预制桩施工的代表性技术,具有效率高、工人劳动强度低、低噪音、无污染等优点,在持力层较深的沿海地区和内陆冲击平原地区具有明显的施工优势。但压桩过程中普遍存在的偏桩现象,一直以来是影响施工效率、成本和设备可靠性的因素之一,制约了静力压桩技术的发展。 本论文针对机身调平状态下压桩过程中产生的预制桩偏斜现象进行了研究和有关技术改进。文章首先分析了偏桩现象的危害和产生机理,进而根据国家建筑施工验收规范标准、桩身强度、设备抗损强度等条件要求,确定出了偏桩最大容许偏差。为解决压桩过程中产生的偏桩现象,本文设计了一种具有缓冲卸荷能力和同步能力的压桩液压系统。另外,为了消除偏桩,文章还对压桩的相关机构的设计和制造工艺作出了改进。 文章首次确立了偏桩的最大容许偏差范围,并研究设计了具有换向卸荷缓冲能力和流量负载补偿差动同步能力的压桩液压系统。新系统减小了机身摆动失平的幅度,提高了压桩油缸同步性能,减小了偏桩偏差。施工工地实验证明,本文研究设计的新系统可有效防止施工中偏桩现象的产生。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the representation of concrete piles construction methods, hydraulic static pile driver technology has many advantages, such as high efficiency, low working intensity, less noise, no pollution, and so on. Particularly ,it shows more superiorities in constructions of the forelands and the alluvial plains where the hold-force layers stand deeply. However, the phenomenon of pile gradient appearing in the construction process has been constraining the development of the technology.Aiming at the phenomenon of piles’ gradient under the condition of horizontal machine body, the thesis has done some analysis and research on it. Firstly, the paper interprets the harms and the causes about the phenomenon. Then ,according to the requirement of national construction criteria, pile intension and machine intension, the author works out the max permitted deviation of pile gradient. To solve the problem, a new hydraulic system is designed and a series of simulations and experiments are made to check the invention’s effects. In addition, the paper also improves the mechanical structures and gives some technological process requirements about them.It is worthy of mentioning that the paper builds the permitted pile gradient deviation for the first time and invents a new pile system with special functions, such as buffer function ,flow and load compensate ability. The new system can avoid the flutter of machine body and improve the synchronism ability, which benefits the decrease of pile gradient. In short, The analysis and experiments show that the design is economical and useful, it will bring expected effects in the practical field.更多还原