回转窑壁厚计算机辅助红外透视及相关技术研究

【作者】 黎峰；

【导师】 严珩志；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 回转窑是冶金、建材行业熟料煅烧的关键工艺设备,它的运行状况直接关系到产品的产量、质量、燃料消耗及生产成本。而窑体表面温度场变化综合地、间接地反映了回转窑窑内的热工过程、窑衬及窑内物料的变化。通过对回转窑表面温度监测,实时获取窑皮（特别是烧成带）的厚度变化状况和耐火砖蚀损的情况,对于避免“红窑”事故发生、延长窑体耐火材料的使用寿命、减少停窑次数具有明显效果。因此,对回转窑简体表面温度的监测意义重大。 本文结合山东铝业公司氧化铝厂“多回转窑表面温度与壁厚红外监测系统”,在综合研究国内外关于红外计算机辅助透视（IR-CAT）技术的基础上,就回转窑壁厚问题进行了较深入地研究。建立了符合现场实际的回转窑壁厚数学模型;结合现场采用红外测温仪测量所得的温度数据和回转窑的实际结构数据,确定出适合该模型的定常系数（包括导热系数、换热系数、傅立叶系数、接触热阻等）,并得出与回转窑工况的相近的接触热阻公式ln（R_C）=T^0.5154-36.7868;利用MATLAB软件仿真出回转窑壁厚,并将运算结果通过在VC++的编译环境下编译出MATLAB和DELPHI的接口函数传输到该监测系统中,实现了温度数据的转换和交换;运用科学计算可视化技术和Bresenham扫描转换算法对基本图形——圆和直线进行分析,从而实现了仿真后的壁厚数据可视化;在研究异步串行通信方式的基础上,设计了该系统上下位机功能和通信内容,并运用差错控制技术、多线程思想以及嵌入式汇编语言实现了温度数据和图形数据在上下位机之间的远程传输,提高了数据传输的速率和系统的可靠性、稳定性。 上述研究工作在“多回转窑表面温度与壁厚红外监测系统”中得到应用,使得现场工作人员更为直观地了解回转窑内部工况,并且大大提高了整个系统的运行效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rotary kiln is key equipment in the metallurgical and architectural industry. Its operations are directly related to the yield, qualities, and costs of product. The variety of its surface temperature field synthetically and indirectly reflected the change of liner and materiel in rotary kiln. The wall thickness and the wear and tear of firebrick are timely got through monitoring the surface temperature of multi-rotary-kiln, which can prolong the lifetime of firebrick, and reduce stopping-rotary- kiln times. Therefore, monitoring the surface temperature of rotary kiln is very important.In this paper, an in-depth study on the wall thickness of rotary kiln is made on the basis of the general research about the technique of InfraRed Computerized Axial Tomograpghy (IR-CAT) at home and abroad, and of the system of monitoring the surface temperature and wall thickness of multi-rotary-kiln by infrared ray. According to actual condition, a model of wall thickness of rotary kiln is established. The constant coefficients in the model, including thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient, Fourier coefficient and contact resistance, are closely calculated. A formula of contact resistance is draw from a great deal of data of surface and inner temperature of rotary kiln. The wall thickness of rotary kiln is simulated by MATLAB. The simulation result is transmitted from MATLAB to DELPHI through a group of interface functions compiled by VC++. The basic graphs-circle and line are analyzed by the means of the technique of Visualization in Scientific Computing (ViSC) and the Bresenham arithmetic, and are realized the visualization of the wall thickness. The contents of communication between master computer and slaver computer are designed and the error control technique, the idea of multi-thread and the embedded assembly language are applied to realize the temperature data transmission and graph transmission, which largely improved the speed of transmission and the reliability and stability of system.The application of the research to the system of monitoring the surface temperature and wall thickness of multi-rotary-kiln can make workers directly know the wall thickness working condition and greatly improve the efficiency of rotary kiln.更多还原