【作者】 张彦丽；

【导师】 祝国瑞；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 自美国副总统戈尔于1998年1月31日提出“数字地球”之后,中国学者特别是地学界的专家充分认识到“数字地球”的战略地位,它将是推动我国信息化建设和社会经济、资源环境可持续发展的重要武器,我国水利行业随之提出了“数字流域”的概念。黄委会于2001年正式启动“数字黄河”工程,加快黄河信息化建设的步伐。水利部汪恕诚部长在2000年10月全国水利科技工作会议上的讲话中具体谈到要充分利用科学技术发展创造的有利条件,坚持用高新技术对水利传统行业进行技术改造,特别要注意采用计算机技术、微电子技术、现代通讯技术、遥感技术、地理信息系统、全球定位系统及自动化技术等。 黄河河道断面测量是一项长期的重要的工作,通过断面测量了解河底地形,分析黄河河道泥沙淤积的形成、状况、及其结果,为洪水预报、水库运用调度等工作提供基础依据,因此断面测量工作的自动化、数字化是数字黄河工程建设的一项重要内容。 本文结合目前黄河断面测量的现状,把对象-关系数据库、GIS、GPS、电子地图、无线通讯、PDA等技术集成为一体,研究在河道断面测量中的应用,实现了GPS与GIS的无缝联接,通过GPS进行定位、无线网络传输电子地图数据,并在PDA上分层显示和进行距离量算等一些基本的GIS分析功能.重点对电子地图在Oracle Spatial对象-关系数据库的存取、XML地理数据的表达及解析,PDA与WEB服务器的通汛、PDA上电子地图的绘制和大断面成果图的绘制等进行了详细的分析和研究,并进行了系统的模拟。 系统利用Oracle Spatial对象-关系数据库存储电子地图,不仅解决了海量数据的存储、管理等问题,也易于为行业应用解决多用户编辑、数据完整性、数据安全机制等许多问题。Java语言的跨平台性以及J2EE平台方便部署的分布式应用模型使系统具有良好的可伸缩性、可扩展性、可管理性、重用性等诸多优点。 系统实现了导航及断面测量作业的全数字化、自动化;同时实现了断面测量数据现场计算检核,避免了事后重测、补测。系统的研究把电子地图导航和精密定位技术结合起来,彻底摆脱了纸质地图,对黄河河道断面测量工作进行了革新。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the vice president of United States given a speech about ’digital earth’ for the first time in Jan.31 1998, Chinese scholars realized deeply the strategic state of it, this will push forward our information construction, and it’s an important arm for persistent development of our society and economy, resource and environment, experts in water conservancy department bring forward the conception of ’digital drainage area’ later. The Yellow River Conservancy Commission started the project of ’digital Yellow-River’ in 2001, quicken the information construction of the Yellow River. In October 2000, at the country water conservancy science and technology work conference, WangShucheng, the minister of the Ministry of Water Resources talked about the enough using of the advantage condition created by scientific technologies, persisted the technology innovation to traditional water department using the advanced technologies, especially adopting the technologies of computer, micro-electric, modern communication, RS, GIS, GPS, automation, etc.The surveying of the Yellow River cross-section is an important long-term work, through which we find out the river topography, analyzing the formation, condition, and results of sand and mud filling up, according as which we predict flood, adjust reservoir water storage, and so on, thus the automation and digitalization of cross-section surveying work is a piece of important content of digital Yellow River engineering.This paper incorporated the present Yellow River cross-section surveying condition, integrated the advanced technologies of database, GIS, GPS, electrical map, wireless communication, PDA, etc, researched on how to apply them into river-bed cross-section works, achieved the non-slot link of GPS and GIS, implemented navigation on vector electrical map, and some basic GIS analysis function such as computing distance, etc. through locating position by GPS, transferring electrical map data through wireless network. It emphasized on the storage and access of electrical map in Oracle Spatial object-relation database, the expression and analysis of XML geographic data, the communication between PDA and WEB server, the drawing ofelectrical map and cross-section graph on PDA, etc, performed detailed analysis and research, and made a systematic simulative test.Using Oracle Spatial object-relation database to store electrical map in this system, resolves not only the storage, management of sea-large data, but also easily to afford multi-user edition, data integrity, data safe and other enterprise application problems. Java is Cross-Platform and J2EE is convenient to Distributed application model, these all make the system having better extensive, manageable, reusable and many other advantages.This system turned navigation and cross-section surveying work into digitalization and automation completely, at the same time, compute and check surveying data on the spot, avoid surveying over again later. The research of this system combined the electrical map navigation and precise positioning technologies together, casting off paper map completely, innovated the Yellow River cross-section surveying work.更多还原