【作者】 罗群芳；

【导师】 吴友法；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 世界史， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 学术界公认18世纪末是近代民族主义最初形成的年代。德意志现代民族主义的兴起与法国大革命,特别是拿破仑对德意志的战争有着密切的关系。可以说,拿破仑战争对德意志的民族主义的最终兴起有着直接的影响。标志性事件就是耶拿战役的失败和提尔西特和约的签订。这个时候,拿破仑的对外战争已经走向了它的反面,已经转变为法国大资产阶级进行民族掠夺的战争,从而激起了被占领国家和地区民族的反抗。德意志资产阶级也深深的感到其利益受到严重的威胁,因此德意志爱国主义者认识到了加强民族意识、唤醒民众民族自觉的必要性。这些原来歌颂法国革命的资产阶级和贵族中的一些人士们转而开始大力宣传民族精神和民族意识,致力于民族解放斗争,民族复兴运动开始广泛的兴起,“提尔西特和约对于德国曾经是莫大的耻辱,而同时它又是走向民族大复兴的转折。”普鲁士进行了资产阶级性质的政治、经济、文化、军事改革。德意志的民族解放运动的不断高涨,推动了德意志民族主义思想的迅速发展,德意志文化民族主义向政治民族主义转变,德意志近代资产阶级民族主义理论体系最终形成。更多还原

【Abstract】 The academic community considers that modern nationalism firstly came into being in the late 18~th century.And rise of Deutschland modern nationalism is correlated with French Revolution,especially with Napoleon War.In other words,Napoleon War directly influenced Deutschland modern nationalism. Defeat in Jena Battle and Peace Treaty of Tilsit are the symbols.At the time,Napoleon War had been in the opposite direction and changed into war that French Bourgeois plundered nationalities and triggered off revolt.German bourgeois felt deeply that their interests had been treatened.The patriots came to know the need of national consciousness.Those who paid a tribute to French Revolution now changed to propagandize national consciousness and ethos.National renaissance were spinging up extensively. Prussia carried through bourgeois reformation in the area of politics,economy,culture and military.The national movement drove the rapid development of German nationalism and changed from cultural nationalism into political nationalism.The German modern bourgeois nationalism theory systerm finally formed.更多还原