【作者】 龚文婷；

【导师】 胡方；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 世界经济， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以20世纪90年代以来的日本农业政策改革作为研究对象。1995年乌拉圭回合谈判将农产品纳入国际自由贸易体系,制定了一系列的规则要求其成员放开各自的农产品市场,实现世界农产品贸易的自由化。欧盟,美国纷纷进行国内农业政策的改革来适应国际农产品贸易局势的变化。日本作为世界三大经济体之一,也于1999年出台了“食品、农业、农村基本法”(俗称“新基本法”),开始了国内农业政策的改革历程。这次改革是日本自1961年以来第一次大规模地改革其农业政策,也是第一次将其国内农业政策纳入到世界农产品贸易体系之中。进入21世纪,多哈回合中坎昆会议在农产品贸易谈判的失败,美国、欧盟又纷纷改革其农业政策以奠定他们在新世纪农业政策的总基调,日本在国际局势和国内新基本法实施影响的双重压力下于2005年也就是今年将进行一次新的农业变革,目前正处于全民意见收集时期,新的农业政策草案马上即将公布,从而为日本新世纪的农业政策奠定基调。 中国和日本在农业问题上存在着许多共通点,尤其是现在中国将三农问题,特别是加入WTO后如何维护和提高农民收入的问题提到了前所未有的重视程度,本文则通过总结20世纪90年代以来日本根据WTO有关规则改革其农业政策并提高国内农业竞争力以维护和提高本国农民收入的做法对我国提出了借鉴和启示。 本文可以分为四个部分:第一部分介绍了农业政策及其改革的相关理论,为本文研究的问题奠定了坚实的理论基础。第二部分介绍了20世纪90年代日本农业政策改革的国内外背景,改革的内容、特点以及改革后对同本国内的影响。第三部分则是针对新世纪以来国际农产品贸易谈判和美国、欧盟纷纷改革农业政策的国际大背景,对日本在2005年也就是今年即将进行的农业政策改革进行了展望,并对其改革的方向和重点进行了总结、分析和预测,最后一部分将20世纪90年代以来日本如何根据WTO有关规则改革其农业政策并提高国内农业竞争力以维护和提高本国农民收入的做法进行了总结并对我国目前这个问题的处理提出了借鉴和启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis mainly focuses on Japanese agricultural policy reform since 1990s. In 1995, Uruguay Round brought agricultural goods into international free trade system and rules requiring members to open agricultural goods market were set to materialize world-wide agricultural goods free trade. U.S and EU reformed their agricultural policies in according to international rules later. Japan, as one of three major economies in the world, initiated "The basic law on food, agriculture and rural areas" (commonly called as "The New Agricultural Basic Law") in 1999 and begun its domestic agricultural policy reform journey. This reform is the first step for Japan to its agricultural policy reform since 1961; it is also the first time to bring its domestic agricultural policy into the international agricultural production trading system. Entering into 21st century, agricultural trade negotiation collapsed in Cancun. conference of Doha Round. U.S.A .and EU altered their agricultural policies again in order to establish general moods of their agricultural policies in the new century. Under double pressure from both international situation and domestic influence of the new basic law implement, Japan will begin a new policy reform in this year (2005). Now it is the phase to collect national suggestions and the new agricultural policy draft will be released soon.There are many similarities between Chinese and Japanese agricultural issues, especially when China enters into WTO, it increased the problem of how to safeguard and raise peasant’s income to unprecedented attention degree. Through summarizing how Japan uses allowable rules to maintain and increase its peasant’s income in WTO frame, the thesis gave suggestions to China on how to deal with this hotspot.This thesis has four parts: The first part introduces the relevant theories of agricultural policy and its reform, establishing foundation on which the analysis is done. In the second part, domestic and international background, the main contents and characteristics of the reform, and the impact reform has are explained. The third part foresees the coming Japanese agricultural policy reform this year under the international situation .The last part summarizes how Japan uses allowable rules to maintain and increase its peasant’s income in WTO frame, the thesis gave suggestions to China on how to deal with this hotspot.更多还原