【作者】 吴维金；

【导师】 于波；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,水电站是我国重点支持发展的能源建设,而国内很多水电站对水轮发电机组效率试验测试不太重视,随着机组状态检修概念的提出和不断完善,机组负荷优化、经济运行是水电站运行的必然发展趋势,所以水轮发电机组效率试验显得尤为重要。 传统的效率试验数据采集与分析系统一般将采集和分析过程分离,在数据采集过程中计算机一般不能同时进行分析,而只能测试完后对存储的数据进行分析。由于这种系统不能在第一时间观察到数据波形,从而测试结果的精度不可靠。 本文采用虚拟仪器的概念,建立了一套比较完整的水电站水轮发电机组效率试验数据采集分析系统,为水轮发电机组效率试验测试提供了一个很好的工具。该系统能适用于各类型水电站水轮发电机组效率试验。其采集精度高,界面友好,并有较好的通用性。 本文主体包括三个部分,每部分具体内容如下: 第一部分:基于虚拟仪器的技术,组建本系统的硬件。本系统通用性强,对于不同的试验测试,只需更改其前置的传感器,即可进行数据采集;其采集的速度快;采用了多种抗干扰措施,包括采用奥马特技术有限公司的光电隔离模块,抗干扰能力强。最后对该系统硬件进行了误差分析,研究表明:本系统采集精度高,能满足水电站水轮发电机组效率试验的需要。 第二部分:在LabVIEW平台上编写了采集分析系统软件。该软件界面友好,操作简洁:通用性强,能灵活的进行数据采集,并具有控制功能:而且该软件有很强的图形显示和数据分析能力,例如能同时显示多通道的图形,求出其最大值和最小值;还可从频域的角度分析试验数据并对试验数据进行滤波处理。该软件与系统硬件完整的构成了整个数据采集分析系统。 第三部分:该部分是工程应用实例,采用实际电站(东江水电站)现场效率试验采集的各项数据,如流速仪转速,上下游水位,发电机功率等参数。为了消除干扰信号的影响,对试验结果进行滤波,然后通过最小二乘法进行曲线拟合,更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, the hydropower station is the construction in the energy sector that our country supported development especially, most power stations operate the the monitoring to the efficiency of hydro-generator unit not perfect enough at home, overhaul to put forward and perfect constantly concept by condition-based maintenance of unit, load optimizes of unit and economical operation is the good trend that operates of hydropower station, monitor to hydro-generator unit operation parameters particularly essential in real time.The traditional system that acquisition and analyze the data usually to acquisition and analyze the course will be separated. Computer can’t be work while the data acquisition, and analyze the data stored afterwards. This system’s precision will be not high credibility because this system do not observe the data as the same time as operation.This paper adopts the idea of virtual instrument to build a set of data acquisition and analyse system using in the efficiency of hydro-generator unit. The high precision ,the friendly interface and the universalization make it good tool in efficiency of hydro-generator unit.The paper is made of three parts, as is showed below:1 The first part is to build the hardware of the system adopting the idea of virtual instrument. The universalization make it easy to transform one model to other model, what you need to do is to replace the sensors. The speed of data acquisition is very high, many anti-jamming measures including using the potoelectricity separate module is introduced. In the end of this part, the error analyse is carried through. After the analyzing it can be proved that the high presition of the system can satisfied the need of the transition process experiment2 The second part is to write the software of this system by LabVIEW. It has friendly interface, and can be operated easily. The strong universalization makes it be easy to swith between different model by reading different initialization files. Thegraph showing and data analyzing function is strong. It could anslyse the data in the frequency domain and fliter the data to get better wave. The software and the hardware combine the set of system.3 The third part is to do an experiment of an example project (Dong Jiang hydropower) using this system. Through data acquisition analyzed, we can have the result such as velocity of flow> upriver and downriver water leveh generator power and so on. The data is filtered in order to avoid disturb. The result comes out through lease two multiplication, which compare the result of theory.Development of system that is to utilize water resource, raise economic benefits of hydropower station, realize hydroelectric generating set and even whole economical operation of electric wire netting fully, have positive function.更多还原