【作者】 刘畅；

【导师】 程晓如；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在整理及分析玛纳斯河流域水量水质资料的基础上,按照规划目标、建立模型、模拟优化、评价决策等基本程序,对玛纳斯河流域水污染控制规划进行了系统性研究。 在规划目标阶段,结合玛纳斯河流域工业及生活污染源的调查资料,本文对流域的主要污染源和主要污染物进行了评价;对玛纳斯河流域地表水、地下水进行了水质综合评价;对水库进行了富营养化程度评价。为了控制玛纳斯河水质和保护当地水环境,采用季节性肯德尔（Kendall）检验方法进行玛纳斯河水环境变化趋势分析;采用spearman秩相关系数进行流域地下水环境变化趋势分析。 在建立模型和模拟优化阶段,本文提出了流域工业总产值预测模式和排污量预测模式,对流域的排污量进行了预测,得到近期、中期和远期排污量的预测结果。选择玛纳斯河红山嘴-夹河子段进行了水环境容量计算。蘑菇湖水库富营养化严重,因此建立了水库的营养盐预测模型。建模时选用了4种经验模型,根据模型验证计算的结果选取最优的一种,并计算得到蘑菇湖水库对COD_cr和NH₄⁺-N的环境容量。由于水环境容量具有使用价值和价值,本文还计算了红山嘴-夹河子段的水环境容量价值。最后文章采用Tennant法求得玛纳斯河渠首下游至各河拦洪水库间河道年最小生态需水量为10500万m³。 在评价决策阶段,根据蘑菇湖水库的污染现状,拟定在石河子市建立污水处理厂。污水处理厂采用SBR工艺使得出水满足农田灌溉和河道生态需水量的要求。根据水环境容量计算结果,建立污水处理厂后,蘑菇湖水库近期可达到规划目标;中期、远期时,污水厂规模必须扩大到日处理水量23万m³/d时才能确保蘑菇湖水库在2015年达到Ⅲ级水质标准的目标。另外,玛纳斯县纸浆箔厂和石河子市经济技术开发区排放口需要进行总量控制,将COD_cr分配到各污染源进行削减,以减轻玛纳斯河水环境的污染。更多还原

【Abstract】 Depending on the mastery of the water contamination data of Manasi River drainage basin, programming goal, model establishment, simulation optimizing, estimation decision-making are used to study systematically on the drainage basin water pollution control.At the phase of programming goal, based on the investigation data of industry and living polluting sources, main polluting source and contamination of the drainage basin are estimated. Surface water and groundwater of Manasi drainage basin is estimated in quality. Reservoir is estimated in rich nutrition. For the sake of controlling the water quality and protecting water environment, it is important to find out the transformation trend of the water quality contamination of the river. Kendall test is used to analyze Manasi River and Spearman order correlation is used to analyze the groundwater.At the phase of model establishment and simulation optimizing, forecast models of industry general production value and sewage quantity are putting forward and the results in the near future, metaphase and at a specified future date are satisfactory. Water environmental capacitance is calculated in the segment of Hongsanzui-jiahezi. Mogu Lake reservoir nutrition salt forecast model is established and is validated. The value of environmental capacitance of Hongsanzui-jiahezi is confirmed also. Using Tennant method, least ecological water demand of the lower reaches of Manasi River trench to the floodwater-block reservoir is 10500X 104m3.At the phase of estimation decision-making, sewage treatment plant of Shihezi City is to be set up and SBR technics is used to match the demand of farmland irrigation and river least ecological water demand. Due to the results of the water environmental capacitance, it can reach the programming goal in the near future. The plant should be enlarged to treat with 23 ×10~4m~3 sewage daily at a specified future date to insure Mogu Lake reservoir reaching the III water quality standard in 2015.And it needs to carry through gross control of Manasi Country paper pulp and foil plant and Shihezi City economy and technology exploitage area. COD_Cr is distributed to each contaminating sources to be minified.更多还原