【作者】 汪新胜；

【导师】 汪进元；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 宪法学与行政法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 文章从历史分析的角度,追寻司法审查制度的起源与发展,探讨具体规定及其理论的演化和变革,把握其精神和基本原则;从功能分析的角度,研究司法审查这一社会控制制度的功能。全文共分四章。第一章探讨了美国司法审查的起源与发展,文章认为美国的司法审查是经过古代自然法的孕育,英国普通法传统的熏陶,柯克和洛克等人的阐释与传播,在1803年的马伯里诉麦迪逊一案中得以确立,并在美国宪政体制下不但发展和完善。第二章考察了美国司法审查的运作程式。文章介绍了美国的法院体系和管辖,最高法院受理和审理违宪案件的过程,并分析了违宪裁决的效力及其执行。第三章分析了美国司法审查制度的功能。文章认为,宪政体制下的美国司法审查具有宪法保障、权力制衡和人权救济的功能。第四章分析了美国的司法审查对中国宪法监督的启示,认为宪法之司法适用是宪法的生命力,制度设计应与国情相契合,并在分析我国宪法监督现状的基础上,指出建立有中国特色的违宪审查制度是中国宪法之良性化的必由之路。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the viewpoint of the historical analysis, the article not only tracks down the origin and development of the judicial review, probes into the evolution and change of its concrete provisions and its theory, but also holds its spirit and basic principle; with the functional analysis, the author researches the controlling function to the society of American judicial review. The full text divides into four chapters altogether. Chapter one probes into the origin and development of American judicial review, The article thinks the system of American judicial review,which developed with the breeding of ancient natural law, gradually influencing of English common law tradition, explanation and spread of such people as Edward Coke and John Locker, was established in the famous case Marbury v. Madison in 1803. From then on, it has been developing and perfecting under the U.S.A.’s constitutional government system. Chapter two studies the process of American judicial review. The article introduces the court system and administration of the case in the U.S.A., the process through which the Supreme Court accepts and takes up the unconstitutional case, and analyzes the effect of the verdict and how it is carried out. Chapter three analyses the function of U.S.A.’s judicial review. The article thinks that under the constitutional government system, the American judicial review has the function of constitution safeguard, the function of the power check and balance and human rights relief. Analyzing the enlightenment of the American judicial review to Chinese constitutional supervision, the last chapter thinks that the adoption of constitutional provisions in judicature is the vitality of constitution, the system design of a country should agree with the national condition. At the end of the text, the author points out that to set up the review of constitutionality with Chinese characteristics is the way of perfecting Chinese constitution.更多还原