【作者】 龙建辉；

【导师】 李同录；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 地质工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究了黄土滑坡勘察治理中的两项实用技术:一是针对当前黄土滑坡勘察中不能准确地辨识滑带土的特征、确定滑动面具体位置问题,开发了一套适合黄土滑坡的钻探工艺;通过现场观察和测试,探寻了黄土滑坡滑动面识别的特征标志。二是开发了一套用于滑坡监测的远程无线数据传输系统。 天然状态下黄土具有含水量低、强度高、结构特征明显,遇水则强度迅速降低,结构易破坏等特点,滑坡钻探要求全孔无扰动连续取芯。而钻头设计的技术环节是采用双管单动大口径,本项研究开发了146mm和219mm两种规格的钻具,循环液是在内、外管之间的间隙流通,减缓了水对土芯浸湿,内管不转动,对土芯起到了保护作用。通过现场钻探试验,采用泥浆液循环钻进,可取得良好效果,219mm大口径钻具的效果更佳;不宜采用干钻和清水钻进。 以泾阳县泾河沿岸4个典型黄土滑坡—东风滑坡、舒唐王滑坡、修池渡滑坡及太平滑坡等为对象,通过现场揭露,原位测试和采样试验,以确定滑带土的鉴定标志。研究结果显示:黄土滑坡滑带土的物理性质指标、电阻率、细观结构特征差异显著,可作为识别滑动面的标志;而滑带土的矿物成分、微观结构特征和化学成分没有明显的变化,一般不能作为其鉴别标志。 本文还研制了一套滑坡监测远程无线数据传输系统,该系统由监控中心、GSM网和前置终端三大部分组成。系统一端连接安置在滑坡监测点上的监测仪器,一端与监控中心相连;由单片机控制对来自前置终端的传感器的参数进行数据采集和A/D转换,经过处理后由GSM收发模块TC35将得到的数据传送到监控中心,实现数据传送、数据管理、监测模式设定、预警信号发送等作业;并对监测数据进行分析处理,供研究人员使用。该系统为准确预测和监测滑坡发生提供了先进的技术手段,具有成本低廉,组网灵活,不受地域限制,便于集中管理,性能稳定等优点。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis has studied two practical techniques on exploring and controlling of the loess landslip: First, aiming for the problem of the difficulty to identify the sliding zone, we have developed a set of drilling tool suitable for loess landslip; through observing and testing, we have seek after the characteristic signs of how to discern loess slip zone. Second, we have developed a long-range wireless datum transmission system suitable for monitoring of landslip.Loess is of such characters as low moisture content, high intensity, apparent structure feature, but meeting water, the intensity is reduced rapidly, and the structure is apt to be destructed etc, landslip drilling requires full sample explored consecutively in whole hole without disturbing. And the technological key of designing bit is to adopt dual pipe and the outer writhing with properly big calibre. Two kinds of specifications (146mm and 219mm) drilling tool has been developed in this research, their liquid would be circulating in the apeture of the inner and the outer pipe, thus to slow down water to imbrue soil, and the inner, without rotating, could play a protective role on soil core. Through in-situ drilling test, if drilling adopts mud as circulating liquid, it can make a good result, the result of the 219mm calibre drilling is better. It is unsuitable to adopt drilling by dry way or use immaculate water as circulating liquid.We, taking 4 typical loess landslides located in Jingyang County along Jing river, named Dong feng landslip、Shu tangwang landslip、 Xiu chidu landslip and Tai ping landslip etc.to study, through in-situ revealing and measurement and sampling test, wanted to identify signs of the sliding zone. The result of study shows: the slide area soil’s physical property difference, the electric resistivity variation, and the exiguous structure characteristic are obvious, could be the marks of slip zone, while the mineral ingredient, the micro structure characteristic and the chemical composition of the sliding zone are not remarkable, couldn’t generally be the marks of the slip zone.This thesis has also developed a set of long-range wireless datum transmission system for landslip monitoring, which is made up of three major parts: control center, GSM network and leading terminal station. One of the system’s ends joins the monitoring instrument fixed on the monitoring point in landslip, the other end links with control center. The one-chip computer controls and gathers and changes with A/D the parameter from sensor of the leading terminal station, the receiving and dispatching module (TC35) conveys the data to the control center by GSM after dealing with, in order to realize the tasks of data transmission, data management, establishment of monitoring model, dispatching of prewarning message; besides it could analyze and process the monitoring data, for researchers to use. This system offers the advanced technological means for predicting and monitoring landslip accurately, being of advantages of real-time, inexpensive cost, flexible organization of network, unlimited circumstance, convenient centralized management, and stability performance etc.更多还原