【作者】 朱晓敏；

【导师】 胡明玉；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 结构工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 人类正面临环境恶化而引起的严重问题,这使得对环境友好建筑材料的研究非常必要。而地聚合物材料正是这样一种绿色材料。 近年来,在国际上对地聚合物材料（Geopolymeric materials）的研究非常活跃。地聚合物材料是一种化学键合陶瓷,是以烧粘土（偏高岭土）或其它以硅、铝、氧为主要元素的硅铝质材料为主要原料,通过碱激发剂的作用,在低于150℃下甚至常温条件下养护,采用适当的工艺处理得到的具有与陶瓷性能相似的一种新型胶凝材料（即高性能无机聚合物材料）。 本文所提出的粉煤灰地聚合物材料有节约能源、经济实用、原材料丰富、成型简单等优点。它是以粉煤灰为主要原材料,采用适当的水灰比,以碱（NaOH）和石灰（CaO）为激发剂,在其中加入具有层状结构或架状结构的矿物材料来促进聚合反应,从而制备出新型低成本、高性能的粉煤灰地聚合物材料。与普通硅酸盐水泥相比,粉煤灰地聚合物材料生产过程中所产生的CO₂减少了约80%,因此,减少了对环境的污染。 利用正交试验分析不同因素对粉煤灰地聚合物材料强度的影响,并找出该材料的优化配合比。并利用XRD、SEM、IR现代测试技术对几组组分不同的粉煤灰地聚合物的微观结构进行了研究。研究结果表明:碱（NaOH和CaO）是影响粉煤灰地聚合物强度的最主要的因素;该地聚合物材料的微观结构中含有少量的沸石等晶体,其余大部分结构呈无定形的类沸石状态;添加不同的矿物掺合料所形成的粉煤灰地聚合物材料性能和强度有所区别。其中掺加沸石的粉煤灰地聚合物材料耐硫酸盐腐蚀性最好,孔隙率最小。通过综合分析得出,掺沸石的粉煤灰地聚合物材料的抗折强度优于掺膨润土的粉煤灰地聚合物材料的抗折强度,而抗压强度则是掺膨润土的粉煤灰地聚合物的较高。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is imperative for the search of environmentally friendly construction materials, as the world is facing serious problems due to environmental degradation. The geopolymer is just the "green material".The geopolymer, a new ceramic material, is being researched actively abroad, which is synthesized from predominantly clays （metakaolinite） or other alumino-silicate containing source materials by simple manufacture process, activated by alkaline solution and cured below 150℃ or even at room temperature.The fly ash geopolymer presented at this paper possesses these advantages such as saving energy, easily making full use of the waste materials and simple synthesized condition as well as economic and utilitarian property. The fly ash as the predominant source material, the applicable w/c, the supplementary mineral material and exciting agent mixed together can manufacture the new low price and excellent properties fly ash geopolymer if activated by alkaline liquid. The production of fly ash geopolymer cement can reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide up to 80% or so compared to the production of ordinary Portland cement. Therefore, it relieves the pollution to environment and shows promising future.The optimum mix proportions of fly ash geopolymer are determined by analyzing the influence of different factors on the strength of the geopolymer by the approaches of orthogonal experiment and graphing. The X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic micrograph and infrared analysis are employed to discern the chemical composition and microstructure of the different fly ash geopolymer synthesized from different origin source materials. The research result shows that the alkli aggititives （NaOH and CaO） are the main factors having impact on the strength of the fly ash geopolymer. The suggestions of crystalline particles are found at the framework like zeolite and quarts and the basic structure is amorphous and glass-like consisting of a three-dimensional framework of SiO₄ and AlO₄ tetrahedra. The products show different strength and characteristics of microstructure because of different supplementary minerals. The product with the zeolite as the supplementary mineral has excellent sulphate resistance property. According to the comprehensive analysis, the flexural strength of the product with the zeolite as the supplementary is higher than that of the product with the bentonite as the supplementary. As for the compressive strength, the result shows the contrary regularity.更多还原