【作者】 宋琛；

【导师】 李淑英；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化学工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 多孔阳极氧化铝膜具有微孔分布均匀,孔径大小基本相同,孔密度较高,柱状孔之间相互平行,并可以通过改变氧化条件灵活控制膜厚和孔径,因此利用阳极氧化铝膜制各纳米材料已成为国内外研究的热点。 本文首先利用正交试验法研究了影响氧化铝膜性能的因素:氧化时间、氧化电压和扩孔时间,分别讨论了各影响因素对膜性能的单独作用,进而得出多孔膜的最佳制备工艺;利用交流电沉积的方法在多孔阳极氧化铝膜孔中沉积Ni金属微粒,获得具有特殊性能的Ni纳米线阵列膜,为以后的膜性能测试做好准备;通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、EDX能谱、X射线衍射仪、电子探针等表征方法对阳极氧化铝膜和Ni纳米线阵列膜的结构和组分进行分析;将Ni纳米线阵列膜浸在不同腐蚀液中,计算一定时间后的失重率,进而发现其在酸、碱、盐腐蚀液中的耐蚀性;采用紫外、可见、近红外分光光度计分别测定了Ni纳米线阵列膜的光选择吸收特性和光的各向异性。 试验结果表明:在膜的制备过程中扩孔时间是影响膜性能的主要因素,氧化时间、氧化电压其次;经扩孔后的孔形由起初的不规则圆形变为规则圆形,更利于以后制备形状更加规则的纳米线;确定了多孔膜的最佳制备工艺:温度20℃,反应时间120min,反应电压115V,扩孔时间6min;阳极氧化铝膜不适于在强酸、碱环境中存在,但与中性盐环境可以共存;沉积了金属微粒的多孔氧化铝薄膜具有选择吸收性和偏光特性,可作为可见光区域的选择吸收材料和装饰材料或者近红外、红外区域偏光材料和透光材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, fabricating nanostructure materials by using the porous anodic aluminum oxide membrane has received considerable attention as it have almost same size diameter, high bore density and parallel spar bore each other, besides it is possible to change membrane thickness and pore diameter depending on the varying oxide conditions.On this paper, we firstly study effective factors such as the oxidize time, the oxidize voltage and enlarging bores time by using intersectant testing method and then respectively discuss each effective factors so as to obtain optimal technics on fabricating porous anodic aluminum oxide membrane. Secondly, Ni is Ac electrodeposited into nanoporous anodic alumina templates which were prepared by direct current anodication in order to obtain Ni nanowires array membrane. Thirdly, anodic aluminum oxide membrane and Ni nanowires array membrane are characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) , Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and The Electronic Probe. Fourthly, Ni nanowires array membrane is dipped in different corrosive solution in order to find its anticorrosion property. Finally, selective characteristic and polarization light characteristic are mensurated by making use of the spectrophotometer.The result of test shows that enlarging bores time is the main influence factors of this membrane performance.After enlarging bores, the membrane is propitious to fabricate regular nanowire very much as pore shape changes into the regular round. The optimal technics is confirmed that the temperature is 20℃, the oxidize time is 120min, the oxidize voltage is 115V and the enlarging bores time is 6min.The anodic aluminum oxide membrane is not suitable for strong acid or strong alkali, but it coexists with litmusless salt. As the anodic aluminum oxide membrane have selective characteristic and polarization light characteristic after electrodeposited into nanoporous, it will be used in be used for selective absorb materials and decorative materials in visible light area or polarization light materials and euphotic materials in closer infrared and infrared area.更多还原