【作者】 卫凌云；

【导师】 周廷美；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 为了防止内燃机车轮箍弛缓造成的机车脱轨事故,郑州铁路局机务处提出了机车轮对轮箍加装扣环的方案。但机车轮对轮箍加装扣环后导致轮对结构上的变化,对轮对在运用过程中的应力及其分布状态会有一定的影响,刹车制动中由于摩擦引起的高温也可能使轮箍发生迟缓。轮辋进行车削后,所加垫片的间隙大小对轮对会有影响,目前还没有相关的理论研究。轮箍迟缓的研究对保障铁路运输安全、保护国家和个人财产安全,避免因迟缓造成的经济损失和社会不良影响有十分重大的意义。因此,有必要对机车轮对加装扣环的方案进行理论的分析研究,为机车轮对的检修限度提供理论依据,保证铁路机车安全运行。 本文以DF_4B型机车为例,针对郑州铁路局机务处提出的给组装式机车轮对轮箍加装扣环的方案,首先对该方案进行了详细的分析,建立了相关模型,选定在最恶劣的工况下进行结构静力分析,文中利用大型三维有限元分析软件ANSYS进行计算与模拟,模拟分析的结论是加装扣环对轮对的整体应力影响很小,并对轮辋的S型辐板形状做了一定的优化;其次,针对由于轮辋的磨损引起加装垫片的模型,分析了垫片间隙大小对轮对的影响。最后分析了在紧急制动工况下,轮对的边界条件及摩擦热的大小,并根据实际情况建立了物理模型,对加装扣环后的轮对进行了温度场分析,确定轮对各部分的温度分布及热应力分布。本文的主要研究成果是:完成了对加装扣环方案的结构静力分析及紧急刹车过程中的温度场分析,在最恶劣的工况下并没有迟缓现象发生,从理论上证明了此方案是切实可行的。 最后,对本文的工作进行了总结,指出了今后研究工作的重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 To prevent the digression accidents caused by locomotive’s bandage relaxation, Zhengzhou train station put forward the scheme of wheel-set equipped with buckle. But after fixation, structure changes which certainly changes the stress and its distribution for a certain extent when moving. And the high temperature caused by friction during braking maybe lead to the bandage relaxation. After cut of the wheel rim, the gap of the bearing strip affects the stress value. Till now, there is no research carried out about this. The research about bandage relaxation will surely does significance to the safety of railway traffic and protection of the nation property, avoiding the economy damage and bad social impacts. So, it is necessary to do some research with the scheme, to provide the locomotive repair limit with theory basis and . ensure safe performance.In accordance with the scheme, taking the DF4 locomotive for example, calculations and simulations are proposed by ANSYS software. First, detailed analysis of the scheme is carried through; model is built, than the worst situation is chosen to do the structure analysis. The large-scale three-dimensional FEA software ANSYS is chosen to calculate and simulate. And conclusions are that the effect to the whole wheel is minor. At the same time, optimize the S plate of the wheel rim. Second, build the mould with different pads; analyze different stress distribution with different gaps. Third, during the emergency braking, the boundary condition and the friction heat are analyzed, then moulds are built according to the practical situation, the transient temperature field and distribution of thermal stress are simulated.The main research results are: Structure and transient temperature field analysis toward the scheme are accomplished. During the worst situation, bandage relaxation has not happened, which verified the practicality of the scheme from theory.Finally, the research conclusion and expectations are given and keynotes of the future researches are pointed out.更多还原