【作者】 张铁锴；

【导师】 王宝辉；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 化学工艺， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 Fe（VI）化合物是一种多功能绿色环保无机材料。在环境保护、有机合成和化学电源等领域具有广泛的应用前景,而且 Fe（VI）化合物电池将可能成为 21 世纪干电池的替代产品。但一些 Fe（VI）化合物在水溶液中极不稳定,使它的应用大为受限。因此,提高水溶液中 Fe（VI）化合物的稳定性对其开发和利用意义重大。 本文利用分光光度法对不同物质存在下水溶液中 Fe（VI）化合物的浓度进行分析测定。首先考察了在 NaOH 溶液中 Fe（VI）化合物的稳定性和动力学,分析了影响水溶液中 Fe（VI）化合物稳定性的因素;其次研究了在 NaOH 水溶液中添加卤素化合物和 Na₂CO₃、Na₂HPO₄ 等碱盐对 Fe（VI）化合物稳定性的影响;讨论了 Fe（VI）化合物起始浓度,碱浓度,溶液的初始 pH 值,体系温度,稳定剂种类、稳定剂用量等影响因素;分析和讨论了稳定剂对 Fe（VI）化合物稳定作用的原因。 实验结果表明:Fe（VI）化合物水解动力学为一级,影响水溶液中 Fe（VI）化合物稳定性的因素主要有碱浓度、Fe（VI）化合物起始浓度、温度等。碘酸盐（A）对 Fe（VI）化合物稳定作用十分明显,加入碘酸盐（A）后 Fe（VI）化合物的稳定时间可延长数倍;KI、Na₂CO₃、Na₂HPO₄ 等在一定条件下,对Fe（VI）化合物有很好的稳定作用,而且在 Fe（VI）化合物合成过程中加入 KI 可以提高 Fe（VI）化合物的产量和纯度;在水溶液中,KCl、KBr 对 Fe（VI）化合物稳定性没有影响;碘酸盐（B）、Na₂B₄O₇、NaHCO₃、K₃PO₄、CH₃COONa、（CH₃COO）₂Zn 和 CH₃COOK 等化合物催化 Fe（Ⅵ）化合物分解。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ferrate（VI） is a new environmentally inorganic material, which has many purposes. It has promising applications in areas of wastewater treatment, organic synthesis and electrochemical power. Furthermore, ferrate（VI） is more likely to be a substitute of dry battery in 21st century. But the bad stability in aqueous solution largely makes its applications limited. Therefore, it is important to increase the stability of ferrate（VI）. It is necessary to investigate the stability and find the stabilizers. In the article, we tracked and monitored the absorption of ferrate（VI） in aqueous solution with/without stabilizers by way of spectrophotometry. At first, we investigated the stability and kinetics of ferrate（VI） in NaOH solution.The factors for stability in aqueous solution were analysed. In addtion, the effects of many compounds on the stability of ferrate（VI） were examined, such as haloid compounds, Na2CO3, Na2HPO4.The paper discussed the factors which are initial ferrate（VI） concentration, alkalinity concentration, pH, temperature, type and concentration of additives. Furthermore, the mechanism of stability was analysed and discussed. The results showed that the decomposition of ferrate（VI） in aqueous solution is a first order reaction. The factors for stability mainly are the alkalinity concentration, initial ferrate（VI） concentration and temperature. We observed that the ferrate（VI） was one order of magnitude more stable in aqueous solutions with Iodate（A）. Some compounds can make ferrate（VI） much stable under specific conditions, including KI, Na₂CO₃ and Na₂HPO₄. Besides, the yield and purity of ferrate（VI） are improved by adding KI during the preparation. However, KCl and KBr have no effect on the stability of ferrate（VI） in alkaline solution. The others can accelerate its decomposition, including Iodate（B）, Na₂B₄O₇, NaHCO₃, K₃PO₄, CH₃COONa, （CH₃COO）₂Zn and CH₃COOK.更多还原