【作者】 王艳艳；

【导师】 栾庆德；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 机械设计及理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 目前游梁式常规机因其结构简单、操作维修方便、使用寿命长等原因,仍为各大油田的主要采油设备,但其运动不平稳、能耗大,不能满足当前“节能降耗”的发展要求。所以基于这些情况,本着投入少,见效快的思想,在保证原抽汲工况不变的条件下,力求改造部位要少,且能达到显著的节能效果。因此,本文提出:在优化常规机主要参数的基础上,在电动机轴上加装一节能装置,加大电动机轴的转动惯量,利用节能装置储存能量和释放能量的功用来调节电动机轴的速度波动,从而减小输出扭矩波动,降低扭矩峰值,使异步电动机与采油工况相匹配,从而改善电机工况,提高电机的功率因数和效率,降低有功功率,实现节能的目的。 本文分析了节能原理;对常规机进行了数学建模,列出目标函数和约束条件,采用复合形法编制优化程序进行设计计算,并进行运动、动力性能分析,绘制性能曲线;以电动机轴为等效构件,建立等效动力学模型;设计了节能装置的结构,根据机械能量守恒定律求解等效动力学模型的最大盈亏功,进而求得节能装置的转动惯量及几何尺寸,并分析加装节能装置前、后电动机轴的运动、动力性能,绘制相关曲线;通过对比相关参数和性能曲线,得出结论。 本文是针对油田实际情况进行的理论设计,如将本方法用于油田,将会取得很好的节能效果,从而获得良好的经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The conventional pumping-unit is still the main oil recovery equipment in the oil field at present because of simple structure 、convenient operation and mainterance、long use life.But it runs unevenly and consumes much,which cann’t satisfy the request of energy-saving .So ,in this paper ,on opinion of the fact and idea of litter expenses and faster result, the better the fewer altered parts,and the distinct energy-saving impact on the condition that the pumping working do not changed. A new method of energy-saving is presented.The major parameters of conventional pumping-unit are optimized ,and then ,an equipment is fixed on the shaft of motor to add up the moment of inertia,which can adjust the velocity wave by means of storing and releasing energy,and the torque wave is evener,the peak is cut down,therefore the asynchronous motor matches with the pumping working,and motor working condition is improved.The aim of energy-saving is realized. In the paper ,the energy-saving principle is analyzed firstly.A mathematical model is established and the aim function and restrain factors are listed.Optimal process is compiled by means of compound method to work out the result,Kinematic peromance and dynamical performance are analyzed,the curves of performance are plotted.The structure of energy-saving is designed.The maximal profit and loss of equivalent dynamics model is worked out according to the law of conservation of energy, and then the moment of inertia of the equipment and the structural parameters are aquired.At last the conclution is gained by comparing the relative parameters and the curve of performance. This new method is designed in view of practical condition at spot.Excellent energy-saving effect and economic benefit will be obtained.更多还原