【作者】 李凯；

【导师】 周本江； 王文林；

【作者基本信息】 昆明医学院 ， 病原生物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 [目的] 调查云南马关异盘并殖吸虫的流行情况;观察马关异盘并殖吸虫囊蚴、成虫和虫卵的形态:对中国云南和越南的异盘并殖吸虫成虫体表进行扫描电镜观察。补充异盘并殖吸虫的形态学资料,研究不同地理株的形态差异,探讨成虫皮棘的形态和排列规律及其在虫种鉴定中的意义。 [方法]从马关采集溪蟹,分离囊蚴,形态观测鉴定后,经口饲感染家猫,收集成虫和虫卵标本进行形态学观察和测量,并在高真空和低真空环境下对成虫腹面的体表进行扫描电镜观察。 [结果]云南马关异盘并殖吸虫的活体囊蚴椭圆形,具两层囊壁,大小为266.97±22.25×248.98±22.51μm,外壁薄,内壁厚并向两极明显增厚,内壁侧厚3.94±2.02μm,内壁端厚13.35±2.97μm;成虫大小12.6±1.51×7.1±1.01mm,宽长比平均为1:1.78;口吸盘显著大于腹吸盘,口、腹吸盘之比为1.89:1。第二中间宿主—溪蟹的自然感染率是75%。人工感染家猫的成虫回收率为60%。 在高真空环境下,马关的异盘并殖吸虫成虫皮棘为单生型、呈指状。在低真空环境下,马关成虫皮棘单生、半环状,与体壁凹陷共呈蝌蚪状;越南成虫有5种单生皮棘:三角形或半圆形、鲨鱼嘴状、山丘状、鱼鳞状和半环形。口、腹吸盘周围均未见乳突。 [结论]云南马关是异盘并殖吸虫流行区,属高度疫源地。囊蚴椭圆形,具两层囊壁,大小为266.97±22.25×248.98±22.51μm,外壁薄,内壁厚并向两极明显增厚。成虫皮棘属单生型,不同地理株之间存在一定差异。家猫是其适宜实验终宿主。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objectives] This paper involved the epidemical study of P. heterotremus in Maguan,Yunnan province,the observation and measure of adult worms, metacercariae and ova of P. heterotremus and the observation of surface structure of adult worms of P. heterotremus from Maguan and Vietnam with scanning electron microscope(SEM). From these.we expected to supply the morphological information ,reseach the morphological variation of geographical isolates ,study the significance of the shape and arrangement of cuticular spines for identifying species .[Methods] Crabs were collected in Maguan,Yunnan province where P. heterotremus were reported.Metacercariae were separated,identified and fed to a cat from which adult worms and eggs were obtained.Living metacercariae, adult worms and eggs were observed and measured with light microscope.Surface structure of adult worms from Maguan and Vietnam was observed with SEM in high and low vacuum environment. [Results] The metacercariae of P. heterotremus from Maguan were elliptic in shape and had a thin outer cyst and thick inner cyst.They were 266.97±22.25 in length and 248.98±22.51um in width. The inner cyst walls were progressively thickened toward each pole,measuring 13.349±2.966μm at the pole and 3.937±2.02μm on the side. Adult worms had an average size of 12.58±1.51x7.1±1.01mm.The average rate of width to length was 1 : 1.78.The oral sucker was more bigger than the ventral sucker and the average rate of two suckers in diameter was 1.89 : 1. The natural infection rate of the second intermediate host with P. heterotremus from Maguan was 75%.The rate of adult worms recovered from experimentally infected cat was 60%.With scanning electron microscopic observations,there were only single spines spaced on the abdomen of adult worms and no papillae were seen around oral and ventral suckers.In the high vaccum environment ,all spines of adult worms from Maguan were finger-shape and seemed to be tadpole-shape with the hollow on itHowever, there were half loop-shape spines on the abdomen of adult worms from Maguan in the low vaccum environment.In the same environment ,five kinds of spines were observed on the abdomen of adult worms from Vietnam including triangle,shark mouth,mound,scale and half loop-shape.[Conclusions] It is a epidemic region of P. heterotremus in Maguan,Yunnan province. Metacercariae with elliptic shape and double cyst walls is 266.97±22.25x248.98±22.51um in siz The inner cyst wall is thicker than outer cyst wall and become more thicker toward each pole.The spines of adult worms appear to be single shape with morphological variation among geographical isolates.Cat is the appropriate experimental definitive host.更多还原