【作者】 金红梅；

【导师】 何云鹏；

【作者基本信息】 延边大学 ， 宪法与行政法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 《国家赔偿法》于1994年5月12日颁布,自1995年1月11日起实施。国家赔偿法的制定,落实了宪法的规定,使国家赔偿得以制度化,更重要的是,它公示了一个重要的原则:国家机关应当遵守法律,政府侵权同样应当承担赔偿责任。而在实践中这部实施十年多的所暴露的问题,如赔偿案件少、获赔数额低、获赔之困难等,让我们不得不重新审视这部法律。国家赔偿法在实施过程中面临的困境或障碍,应主要从两个方面找原因:一是从人的因素,即从人们对国家赔偿制度的了解、认同、遵从和严格适用等角度来认识,分析法律制度实施的人文及社会环境。二是针对国家赔偿法律制度本身进行剖析,而从近几年的实践看,国家赔偿法制自身不合理不完善的地方日益明显,法律规定的缺陷更值得反思。直面立法欠缺并寻求完善之策,是目前我们排除国家赔偿制度实施障碍的要务。 本论文通过对世界各国国家赔偿制度的现状和主要内容的阐述比较,分析了我国国家赔偿法实施的现状和存在的问题及其原因,最后提出了完善我国国家赔偿制度若干设想。 论文由绪论、本论和结论三个部分组成。本论共有四章组成。 第一章主要阐述了国家赔偿制度的一般原理,包括国家赔偿的概念,制定国家赔偿法的理论根据和宪法根据,国家赔偿制度的性质。 第二章主要介绍了几个典型国家的国家赔偿制度:有英国、美国、德国、日本,之后对这些国家的赔偿范围、归责原则、程序方面进行了比较分析。 第三章和第四章,也是本论文的重点部分。在这里阐述了我国国家赔偿制度实施现状、存在的问题及其原因,第四部分针对这些问题,提出了在观念上和制度本身存在的立法缺陷完善国家赔偿制度的若干设想。 结论部分主要总结了完善我国国家赔偿制度的必要性。更多还原

【Abstract】 State Compensation Law " was issued on May 12 , 1994, implemented since January 1 , 1995. The country compensates for the enactment of law, has implemented the regulation of the constitution, it made the country compensate institutionalized, the more important thing is, it announced an important principle: The government office should observe the law , the government should also bear compensation responsibility while infringing. This implement law more than exposed question for less than ten years in practice, such as compensate for case to be little, paying for number to be low , and it is difficult for pay , etc., let us have to examine this law closely again. The predicament or obstacle that State Compensation Law faces in the course of implementing, should look for the reason from two respects mainly : First, from human factor, namely from people knowledge of system of national compensation, approval, comply with and strict getting suitable angle know, analyse humanity that the legal system is implemented and social environment. Second, compensated for the countrying , the legal system itself was analyzed, and seen from practice in recent years, one’s own unreasonable place not perfect of legal system of national compensation is obvious day by day, the defect of the legal provisions is more worth reviewing. It is deficient and seek perfect slip to legislate to face straightly, we get rid of national compensation system implement important task of obstacle at present.The thesis is made up of introduction , this theory and conclusion , three parts ,. This theory is made up of four chapters altogether.Chapter one explained the general principle of the system of national compensation , including the concept of national compensation mainly, it is to make State Compensation Law theory according to and constitution according to, compensation not national nature of system.Chapter two introduced the national compensation systems of several typical countries mainly; Have Britain , U.S.A. , Germany , Japan, later to compensation range , belong to responsibility principle , procedure carry on comparative analysis of country these.Chapter three and chapter four, is the key part of a thesis. Have explained the system of national compensation of our country to implement current situation , existing problem and origin cause of formation here,the fourth part To question these , put forward in perfect country several imagination , compensation of system with system legislative defect that itself exist in idea.The conclusion part has summarized the system necessity of national compensation of our country of perfecting mainly.更多还原