【作者】 解伟；

【导师】 孙卫；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着石油在国民经济中的地位的日益重要,在中、高渗透储层面临勘探困难的情况下,以岩性油气藏和构造油气藏为主的低渗透储层的勘探与开发的重要性日显突出,低渗透储层的比例将越来越大,产量也会越来越增多,已成为我国陆上石油工业稳定发展的最重要潜力之一,因此低渗透储层开发有着重要的意义。 应用显微镜和扫描电镜对三个储层微观孔隙结构和成岩作用进行观察和研究,结合野外岩心观察与测井资料,以当代高分辨率层序地层学理论为指导,建立对比性和实用性较强的层序地层格架,将储层砂体细分到单砂体一级的沉积旋回,从微观到宏观对储层进行系统的分析研究。根据宏观和微观的结果,选取代表各储层特点的参数,进行流动单元的聚类分析、判别分析和回归模型分析,并结合储层的动态资料和微观水驱油实验对结果进行验证。 结果显示流动单元不但平面和纵向上的分布与岩性、物性、含油性以及沉积微相有密切的关系,而且其储层的产量,油水运动规律,剩余油的分布也是不同的,随着流动单元性质的变差,其岩性、物性、微观孔隙结构等也相应变差,储层产量减少,水驱油压力大,剩余油分布多。从其正确性中可以得出不同构造背景和沉积特征的低渗透储层,资料积累的丰富程度,研究目的的层次性,流动单元的划分的方法和选取的参数是不同的。对于开发中的储层,其资料丰富,研究层次到单砂体一级,如果开发面积大,非均质强,则要进行孔隙结构的研究和储层成岩作用等微观研究和小层沉积微相等宏观研究,划分参数包括孔隙度、渗透率、泥质含量、流动带指数、有效厚度等,方法要选取岩性—物性和孔隙结构法,要综合微观和宏观两个方面;对于开发面积不大,非均质弱的储层,流动单元的划分参数选取渗透率、孔隙度或者流动带指数,而方法采取岩性—物性方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing importance of petroleum in the national economy and the growing difficulties in exploration of the mid- and high permeability reservoir, the importance of the exploration and development of low-permeability reservoir, which mainly consists of lithological reservoir and structural reservoir, draws more and more attention. The amount and the output of low-permeability reservoir will increase with the thorough exploration and the elevation and perfection of development techniques. Exploration and development of low-permeability reservoir has become one of the important potentialities for the stable development of terrene petroleum industry. Therefore, the development of low-permeability reservoir is essential for the Chinese petroleum industry.Guided by the theory of contemporary high-definition stratigraphy, with the employment of microscope, and SEM to observe and analyze the micro-poro structure and lithogenesis of the three reservoirs, the observation of cores and a large amount of log datas, the thesis attempts to establish the frame of sequence stratigraphy with contrast and practicability, classify the reservoir into single-sandstone according to the sedimentary circle and systematically study the reservoirs both from micro-perspective and macro-perspective. According to the results obtained from the micro-perspective and the macro-perspective studies, by selecting the parameters representing the characteristics of the reservoirs to conduct the cluster analysis、 discriminant analysis and regression analysis of all single-sandstone, the author obtains the plane distribution and portrait distribution disciplinarian of flow units and the relations with lithology、 physical property、 oil saturation and sedimentary microfacies. Meanwhile, the results are testified by the dynamic datas of reservoirs and micro- water displacement of oil experiment.The results shows that the differences of plane and portrait lie in not only lithology、 physical property and micro-poro structure of different types of flow unites, but also the output of the reservoirs, the disciplinarian of oil-water movement and the distribution of residual oil. With the decrease of quantity of flow unites, the quantity of lithology、 physical property and micro-poro structure of different types of flow unites decrease accordingly, and the same time, the output of the reservoirs decreases,the pressure of water injecting grows and the distribution of residual oil increases. From the correct result the means of flow unites division and parameters selection change with the structure setting、 sedimentary characterization、 datas accumulation and study administrative level of study purpose. For developing reservoirs which have abundance datas, large development area and strong inhomogeneity, required to be divided to single-sandstone, the microcosmic study of porosity structure and reservoir lithogenesis and macroscopical study of sedimentary microfacies should be conducted. The parameters used in the study include porosity、 permeability、 shale content、 FZI、 effective thickness, e.t. and the means used in the study include lithology-physical property、 porosity structure,e.t. but for little area and slight inhomogeneity, the parameters include porosity or permeability or only FZI and means can use lithology-physical property in the flow unites division.更多还原