实践理性维度下的法概念

【作者】 张超；

【导师】 蔡道通；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 法学理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 法概念论题是法哲学的核心问题。法概念与法认识论的关联性要求检讨我们认识价值问题之理性作用方式。实践理性作为一种认识论范畴遂成为法概念问题的主要分析工具。 自然法学与法实证主义分享了主体——客体的法认识论模式,超越自然法与法实证主义意味着要树立一种对法规范认识的合理模式,这就是西方实践哲学传统中的实践理性!通过实践理性的思想史考察,可以看出实践理性所阐明的是主体际的言说、论辩与合意。 在实践理性的法认识论维度下,法律其实就是一种实践言说。对人的行为做出普遍规范的立法以及一项司法判决对具体行为做出的评价其有效性均来自于主体际的理性言说。实践理性维度下的法概念不仅表达出程序主义的观念,而且指向了法律的公共性和民主性。法律实践言说达成的真理是不同于自然科学性质的事后真理,它有其自身的限度。此外,“法律是一种实践言说”的题中应有之义是存在一个公众能够自由言说的场域。对法律实践言说之社会结构分析引入了公共领域的分析框架,它为实践理性维度下的法概念提供了结构性支撑。 法治的建构要求法概念问题意识的切入,以法治民主主义的立场审视法制现代化是实践理性维度下的法概念对中国当下法治问题的独特关照。民主的法治表达了培育开放社会中之公共领域的根本性诉求,这实乃“法治中国”的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 The law concept is a key question of law philosophy. Law concept and legal epistemology getting related request to make a self-criticism how reason function to realize value. So Phronesis as epistemological category is regarded as a mainly analytic tool about law concept.The natural law has shared the same subject with the law positivism that legal epistemology mode — subject and object. Phronesis is to surmount natural law and legal positivism .It establishes a rational mode of understanding legal norm! Through we investigate intellectually the history of Phronesis, we can find out phronesis what expounds saying 、 arguing and agreement among people.If we accept the phronesis model of legal epistemology, law is actually spoken by a kind of phronesis saying. The validity of behavior in making normal legislation and a judicial judgment comes from reason saying among people. This kind of law concept not only expresses the idea of the doctrine of the procedure, but also has pointed to the public and democracy of law. The law truth reached through phronesis saying is formed afterward, and has its own limits. In addition, there should have had the public field that people can free say and argue. When social structural is researched, public field is introduced to offer structural support for the phronesis model of the law concept.The sense of law concept is required in the process of rule of law. The unique consideration that is referred to China in the phronesis model of law concept is that legal system modernization is examined with the democratic position. Rule of law of democracy has expressed the fundamental demand that fosters the public field in the open society, which is key in the process of " China governed by law ".更多还原