技术思想和方法及其教学策略研究

【作者】 高茹；

【导师】 顾建军；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 职业技术教育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 技术时代,技术的双刃剑作用日益明显,需要人们以技术思想和方法为指导,负责任、有远见地使用和管理技术。对于学生而言,技术思想和方法在培养其分析和解决问题的能力、创新和实践的能力方面具有重要作用,在其形成科学的技术观、奠定终身发展的基础方面具有重要价值。然而目前人们对技术思想和方法的认识不够,相应的教学实践也很薄弱,这在一定程度上影响了技术思想和方法教学对学生发展价值的实现。 针对这一现状,本文第一部分对技术思想和方法的内涵、结构及特点进行了详细阐述。首先,界定了技术思想和方法的内涵,明确技术思想和方法就是指凝结在技术中为技术所固有的理念、观念,以及分析问题、解决问题的方式和方法。然后,按照抽象概括程度将技术思想和方法划分为哲学层面的技术思想和方法、一般的技术思想和方法、具体的技术思想和方法等三个层面,形成技术思想和方法的结构。再次,阐述了技术思想和方法的抽象概括、内隐、可迁移等特点。 第二部分以技术思想和方法的结构为分析框架,结合普通高中技术课程教材内容,对技术思想和方法的教学内容进行简要的梳理,并对其教学特性,从教学目标、教学设计、教学方法、教学过程等角度进行了总结。 第三部分结合技术思想和方法的特点、教学内容和教学特性,提出提高技术思想和方法教学有效性的四个策略,即螺旋式教学策略、抛锚式教学策略、对话式教学策略、模拟角色的教学策略,并分别对它们进行了详尽的阐述。更多还原

【Abstract】 In present era, the double-edged sword action of technology is obvious day by day. People should regard technological thought and method as guideline to use and manage technology responsibly and farsightedly. As to student, technological thought and method has important function in training the ability of analysis, solving, innovation and practice. And it also has significant value in forming scientific conceptions of technology and setting the foundation of lifetime development. But till now, people haven’t paid enough attention to it and its instruction is weak, which, to a certain extent, influences the value to be realized.To this situation, the first part of this dissertation has carried on detailed exposition to the connotative definition, structure and characteristic of technological thought and method.First of all, defines technological thought and method, which is the inherent idea condensed in technology, and is the way or method to analyze and solve problems. Then, according to its abstract degree, divides technological thought and method into three aspects, technological thought and method in the philosophy aspect, general technological thought and method, concrete technological thought and method, to form the structure of technological thought and method. Finally, shows its distinguishing features, being abstract, latent inside thought, transferable and so on.Second part, basing on the structure of technological thought and method and combining the teaching material of technology course in high school, tries to analyze the content of courses of the technological thought and method, and to summarize its teaching characteristic from such angles as teaching goal, teaching design, teaching method, teaching course.Combining the features, content of courses and teaching characteristic of technological thought and method, the last part proposes four valid tactics to improve the teaching of technological thought and method. They are teaching tactics of spiral type, of dropping anchor type, of conversation and simulation role. And then give the exhaustive exposition to them separately.更多还原