【作者】 高成凤；

【导师】 王昌全； 张素兰； 陈文宽；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 土地可持续利用评价研究的核心内容是指标体系的构建,指标体系能综合地判定土地利用的可持续性,找出障碍因素。四川人地矛盾尖锐,迫切需要评估与监测其可持续性。但目前四川省土地可持续利用评价指标体系的研究尚属空白,因此,构建适合四川区域特点的土地可持续利用评价指标体系,研究价值及意义重大。 本文以四川省及其5个土地利用区作为研究的基本单元,在国内外相关研究的基础上,系统分析了四川土地利用现状特点和问题,从资源、环境、经济、社会4个方面初拟了80个评价指标。采用特尔菲法,邀请国家、省、市、县与土地管理有关的多学科高校、科研(院)所的专家、教授和国土、农业、林业、水利、气象等各级管理部门的专家共36位,对初拟指标进行五级判断,并利用均值、差异系数和满意度三个统计量对咨询结果统计分析,筛选出被普遍认可的评价指标。在此基础上,再结合相关专家意见予以补充,最终建立四川省及各区域土地可持续利用评价指标体系。选择四川省1998-2003年历年数据及成都市、攀枝花市2003年数据,采用层次分析法、线性比例变换法和综合指数法计算其综合评价分值,对相应区域指标体系的科学性、合理性进行了系统验证。研究结果为: (1)四川省土地可持续利用评价指标体系由资源、环境、经济、社会四大类共计30个评价指标组成。其中具有区域特点的指标有耕地生产力指数、草地载畜能力、森林消长比指数、水土资源平衡系数、水土流失面积比例、地表水水质达标率、草地退化治理率、环保投资占GDP比重、城市化水平、农业收益指数、林业收益指数、畜牧业收益指数、耕地减少与经济发展协调指数、城乡恩格尔差异指数、土地案件指数等15个评价指标。 (2)各区域评价指标体系研究结果。成都平原区、盆地丘陵区、盆周山地区、川西南山地区、川西北高山高原区评价指标体系分别由28个、29个、17个、19个、11个构成。其中成都平原区区域特色典型指标为地表水水质达标率、工业废水处理率、耕地减少与经济发展协调指数、城市建设用地增长弹性系数、商品粮生产基地比例、土地人口承载压力指数、土地案件指数;盆地丘陵区区域特色典型指标为水土资源平衡系数、水土流失治理率、地表水水质达标率、农业收益指数、农业水利建设水平、土地人口承载压力指数;盆周山地区区域特色典型指标为坡耕地退耕面积比重、环保投资占GDP比重、林业收益指数、经济林木面积比例;川西南山地区区域特色典型指标为森林消长比指数、水能开发利用程度指数、林业收益指数、更多还原

【Abstract】 The central content of study on the land sustainable utilization evaluation is the construction of index system, which can comprehensively weigh the sustainability of land utilization and find out the obstacle factors. The sharp contradiction between human and land urgently need to be evaluated and monitored its sustainability. But the research of the land sustainable utilization evaluation index system in Sichuan Province still is in the blank at present, therefore, the conformation of land sustainable utilization evaluation index system of suiting the regional characteristic of Sichuan is of great significance.The five land utilizing districts of Sichuan Province are regard as the study elementary unit. On the basis of relative research about home and abroad, the characteristic of land utilization state and issue are systematically analyzed. Adopting special and illegal method, eighty evaluation indexes are preliminantly drafted from the four respects of resource, the environment, economy and society. Thirty-six experts and professors who worked in university and institute with relation to land management and administrators who worked in the management department about land, agriculture, forestry, water conservancy and weather are invited to give a five grade judgement, and statistically analyze the conaultant results by using mean, variance coefficient and degree of satisfication to select evaluation index accepted commonly. On this basis, combining with the opinins of relative experts to decide to accept or deny and finally set up the land sustainable utilization evaluation index systems of Sichuan Province and various regions. Choosing 2003 data of Chengdu, Panzhihua over the years of 1998-2003 year of Sichuan Province, analytic approach of the level, method of linear ratio conversion and comprehensive index method are adopted to calculate the value of comprehensiveevaluation and systematically testify the scientific and reasonability of corresponding regions’ index system. The results of study are:(1) The land sustainable utilization evaluation index system in Sichuan Province consists of 30 evaluation indexes related to four big classes of resource, the environment, economy, society. Among them: The indexes with regional charecteristics were productivity index of cultivated land, domestic animal’s ability of annul meadow, forest growth and decline balance the index, water and soil resources and balance, proportion of area of soil erosion, rate up to standard of water quality of surface water, meadow degrade control rate, the ratio of GDP to environmental protection, urbanization level, index of the agricultural income, forestry’s income index, income index of the animal husbandry, cultivated land reduce and coordination, the difference index of Engel in urban and rural areas, land case index, etc. 16 evaluation indexes.(2) The results of evaluation index system of various districts show: The evaluation index system of Chengdu plain district, hills area of basin, the region of mountain in week of the basin, plateau district of high mountain in the northwest of Sichuan consist of 28, 29, 17, 19, 11 respectively. The typical indexes with regional trait of Chengdu plain district are rate up to standard of water quality of surface water, handling rate of the industrial sewage, the cultivated land reduces and coordination the index with economic development, the ratio of production base for commercial food, urban construction land increases elastic coefficient, land population and bears the weight of the pressure index, land case index. The typical indexes with regional trait of hills area of basin are balanced index of water resource, control rate of soil erosion, surface water water quality getting up to standard, agricultural income index, level of water conservancy construction, land and population of garden bear the weight of pressure index. The typical indexes with regional trait of the region of mountain in week of the basin are slope cultivated land concede the land area proportion, the ratio of investment for environmental protection to GDP, forestry’s incom index, commercial trees area proportion. The typical indexes with regional trait of plateau district of high mountain in the northwest of Sichuan are forest growth and decline to index, develop and utilize the degree index in hydroenergy, forestry’s incom index, garden ground area proportion , commercial trees area proportion , agricultural water conservancy construction competence. The typical indexes with regional trait of plateau district ofhigh mountain in the northwest of Sichuan are meadow domestic animal ability, meadow degradation area proportion, income index of the animal husbandry.(3 ) The result of study of the real example shows: the synthetical index of land sustainable utilization of Sichuan Province in 1998-2003 is 0.661-0.711, the land utilization is in the weak sustainable utilization state and there is trend to developing the sustainable state. The resource, environment, economic, social subsystem value are in 0.793-0.773, 0.493-0.594, 0.645-0.645, 0.591-0.716 respectively. Relativing to total goal, resources sustainable is relatively excellent, the developing state of social acceptability is fine, but environment sustainable and economic feasibility are relatively weak. The synthetical index of land sustainable utilization evaluation of Chengdu, Panzhihua are 0.698 and 0.686 respectively. The land utilization is in the weak sustainable state. From the view of horizontal comparative analysis of 2003, the land utilization state of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Panzhihua are comparatively unanimous, there are certain differences among the subsystems. Among them, resources of Sichuan Province is slightly excellent, the environments sustainability of Chengdu and Panzhihua is better. The economic feasibility of Sichuan Province and Chengdu City are weak. The society’s acceptability of Panzhihua is the lowest. The result of study and land utilization state of example regional are relatively identical. Therefore, the land sustainable utilization evaluation index systems of Sichuan Province can reflect preferably the actual land sustainable utilization state of Sichuan Province.更多还原