【作者】 曾荣；

【导师】 谭向红； 张健； 罗学刚；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 森林培育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 尤曼桉富含芦丁,1997年四川省林科院将其作为芦丁原料树种从澳大利亚引种获得成功。本研究用直接测定法、三氯化铝法、硝酸铝法测定了尤曼桉叶片、树皮、愈伤组织的芦丁含量并与高效液相色谱法的测定结果进行了比较。初步探索了热水提取法、石灰水提取法、乙醇回流法提取尤曼桉叶片芦丁的工艺条件,为尤曼桉的优良品种选育、尤曼桉的高产培育技术研究以及开发利用提供参考,初步结论如下: 本研究首次发现尤曼桉不同单株叶片乙醚脱脂后的甲醇提取液A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄大大高于芦丁对照品的A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄值1.152,存在1.71和2.324两种不同的A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄值单株,同一单株不同含量的叶片提取液的A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄基本一致。单株间芦丁含量差异很大,最大达8.5%,A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄为2.324单株芦丁含量明显低于A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄为1.71的单株,如果得到进一步的证实,A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄值可作为尤曼桉优良品种的筛选参考条件之一。 259nm不宜作为直接定量法和色谱分析的检测波长,364nm直接定量的芦丁含量仍然偏高。用单一的直接法、三氯化铝法、硝酸铝法定量尤曼桉芦丁均存在较大的误差,其中三氯化铝法的误差最小。但三氯化铝法测定A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄值为2.324的样品误差很小,硝酸铝法测定A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄值为1.71的样品误差较小,但在测定A₂₅₉/A₃₆₄值为2.324的样品误差非常大。 尤曼桉叶片芦丁的含量在4-22%之间,树皮和愈伤组织的含量在1%以下。尤曼桉的培育技术应以叶片最大产量为目的。芦丁的含量与叶片叶龄成负相关。叶片越嫩,其芦丁含量就越高。在采摘时应以枝中部生长充实的叶片为主。 在对尤曼桉叶片原料进行预处理时,随着干燥温度的升高,芦丁的含量降低;在2-5小时内,干燥时间对原料芦丁的含量影响较小,最佳原料处理条件为:60℃,4h。 热水提取尤曼桉芦丁的工艺条件为:液比1:30,时间30min,粒度100目,提取两次,热乙醇纯化;石灰水法的工艺条件为比1:10,时间10min,pH8,提取两次,石灰水重结晶纯化。乙醇回流法提取尤曼桉芦丁的工艺条件为:乙醇浓度75%,提取温度75,提取时间3h,碳酸氢纳用量10%,液比1:20,热水纯化。乙醇回流法提取的粗芦丁含有大量的不溶于水的杂质,芦丁含量为40%左右,用热水对回收溶剂后的浸膏纯化的效果不理想。三种提取方法以石灰水法较优。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Eucalyptus Youmanii which is rich in the rutin is introduced from Australia by the Forest-Science Academy of Sichuan Province as a rutin raw materials varieties in 1997.In this research the rutin content in leaf, bark and callus of Eucalyptus Youmanii are determined with Method with Direct Determining, Method with Aluminum Chloride and Method with Aluminum Nitrate and have compared it on the determining with HPLC.The crafts of rutin extraction from leaf of Eucalyptus Youmanii by Hot Water Extracting, Ethyl Alcohol Reflux Extracting , and Limewater Extracting are also discussed. These are favor of cultivating excellent variety; cultivating technical research and utilization of Eucalyptus Youmanii.There are some preliminary conclusions as following.A₂59/A₃64 of Methyl Alcohol extracting liquid after Aether degrease from leaves of different Eucalyptus Youmanii trees is higher than A₂59/A₃64 （1.152） of rutin reference substance. There are two A₂59/A₃64 Eucalyptus Youmanii trees, the one is 1.71, and another is 2.324. A₂59/A₃64 of leaf from the same tree with different rutin content is the same. Rutin content is widely different among Eucalyptus Youmanii, the greatest difference is up to 8. 5%. rutin content of leaves with A₂59/A₃64 （2.324） is obviously less than leaves with A₂59/A₃64 （1.71） So value of A₂59/A₃64 can be regard as one of the conditions of cultivating excellent variety of Eucalyptus Youmanii.259nm cannot be as detecting wavelength for Method with Direct Determining and HPLC.The rutin content determined at 364nm by Method with Direct Determining is also high. There are greater errors in determining Eucalyptus Youmanii rutin content by singleMethod with Aluminum Chloride or Method with Aluminum Nitrate, it is little error for sample with A259/A364 （2.324 ） by Method with Aluminum Chloride and for sample with A259/A364 （1.71） by Method With Aluminum Nitrate. But there are quite great errors for sample with A259/A364 （2.324） by Method With Aluminum Nitrate.The rutin content of Eucalyptus Youmanii leaves is from 4% to22%. But the rutin content of its bark and callus is extremely low, only under for 1%. The shorter the age of the leaf is, the higher the content of rutin is.. The leaves with complete growth should be plucked while harvest.When carry on the pretreatment to raw materials, with the rising of drying temperature, the rutin content is reduced; within 2-5 hours, drying time have a little effect on rutin content of the raw materials, best pretreatment condition is 60 °C, 4h.The crafts of extracting with hot water is time 30min—size 100 eyes —liquid rate 1:30, extracting twice, purifying with Ethyl Alcohol; The crafts of extracting with limewater is pH8—liquid rate 1:10—time lOmin, extracting twice , repeat crystal with limewater; The crafts of extracting with Ethyl Alcohol Reflux is 75% Ethyl Alcohol — temperature 75 —time 3h—NaHCO310%—liquid ration 1:20 and purify with hot water. But it has a large amount of pigment and phenol dissolving water in the raw rutin extracting with Ethyl Alcohol Reflux, rutin content is about 40%. Purifying with hot water is unsatisfactory. The method by limewater is better than others.更多还原