【作者】 王勇；

【导师】 米小珍；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 为了提高我国铁路的运输能力,货物列车一直在向“重载”方向发展。随着载重量的增大,采用铝型材降低车辆自身重量的钢铝混合结构的重载车辆应运而生。随着载重量的增大,货车各部件之间所承受的载荷也在增大,这就为重载货车部件的连接提出了更高的要求。 在现代工业生产中,板件连接方法通常采用铆接、螺纹、点焊等。但是这些连接方法由于自身的缺点和局限性,不能满足重载货车的要求,因此需要采用新型的连接方式。 Huck公司的连接器利用材料的塑性变形将板材紧密结合,能够满足重载货车的要求,已经得到了大量的应用。但是,设计人员在使用时因为安装完成后连接器对所连接部位产生的残余应力的大小以及范围,压力影响区还不太清楚,很难确定Huck系列连接器安装时的数量和分布,为了保证连接的安全,只能采用较多的连接器,造成了不必要的浪费。另外,板材的许用应力是一定的,车辆中的板材不仅受到外界施加的应力,还受到Huck系列连接器的残余应力。板材使用时必须满足外界施加的应力与残余应力的总和小于许用应力。不清楚连接后板内残余应力的大小,必然会对整车可靠性的设计产生影响。 为了解决以上的问题,基于非线性有限元软件MARC,本文对Huck系列连接器中目前比较常用的BOM和C50L连接器进行了力学行为数值仿真研究。讨论了建模中的关键技术,创建了基于接触的弹塑性模型。数值仿真结果深刻地揭示了这两种连接器塑性成型规律,不仅为确定连接器压力影响范围提供了数值依据,亦为重载货车中科学地采用Huck系列连接器提供了重要参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 To raise the railway transportation ability of our country, wagon is developing to the direction of "heavy load". Along with the increase of loading capacity, the steel aluminum mix structural wagon emerges as the times require, which adopt aluminum profile to reduce self weight. As the increase of loading capacity, the load that borne between each parts of wagon is also increased, it make higher requirement to the joint of each parts in wagon.In modern industrial production, plate joins method usually adopting riveting, thread and spot welding etc. But these joined methods can not satisfy the requirement of the heavy load wagon because of the shortcoming and self limit, therefore needs adopt the new way of joining.The fasteners of Huck company uses material plastic reform to joint plate tightly can satisfy the requirement of the heavy load wagon, which have gotten plenty of applications. However, the designers don’t know the size and range of remaining stress, they don’t know the range of pressure either, so it is hardly to ascertain the distribution and quantity of Huck series fastener. They have to use more fasteners to make sure the safety of joint, causes unnecessary waste. Otherwise the allowable stress of plate is certain, the plates in wagon not only get the outside stress, but also get the remaining stress of Huck series fasteners. The sum of outside stress and remaining stress must less than the allowable stress when plates are used. Uncertainty of the size of the remaining stress in plate will influence the design of wagon reliability.To solve above problem, Based on nonlinear FE software MARC, numerical simulation of Huck series fastener mechanics action in heavy load wagon has been studied. The paper discussed the key technology in building the finiteelement model. The elastoplastic model has been built based on contact principle. The result of numerical simulation revealed the tendency of Huck series fastener during installation. It not only provide numerical evidence for ascertaining the pressure influence range of Huck series fastener, but also provide an important reference for the use of Huck series fastener in heavy load wagon.更多还原