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氢氧化铝沉淀法从卤水中提取锂的研究

Extracting Lithium by Precipitation of Al(OH)3 from Salt Lake

【作者】 肖小玲

【导师】 马培华;

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院(青海盐湖研究所) , 无机化学, 2005, 硕士

【摘要】 本文系统的总结了锂的用途、锂资源分布及从盐湖卤水中提取锂的方法,卤水提锂方法主要有沉淀法、溶剂萃取法、吸附法等。本课题重点研究了氢氧化铝沉淀法提取锂,通过一系列实验,得出沉淀锂的最佳实验条件和浸出锂的最佳实验条件。沉淀锂的最佳实验条件为: (1)控制锂离子浓度为0.774 mg·L-1左右。 (2)控制Al/Li为3.5,即加入28 gAlCl3·6H2O。 (3)控制Na/Al为2.6,即加2 mol·L-1NaOH溶液150 ml。 (4)2 mol·L-1NaOH溶液150 ml,15 min内滴加完。 (5)反应温度恒定在60℃。 浸出锂的最佳实验条件为: 铝锂沉淀物在400℃焙烧20 min,后用水浸取。 浸取液进一步除杂后,加入纯碱即得Li2CO3产品。通过沉淀和浸出两步工艺,除去卤水中的大部分杂质,能有效降低卤水的镁锂比,该方法简便易行,锂的回收率较好,产品纯度较高,为利用高镁锂比卤水提供了一条可行的途径。

【Abstract】 The paper sumerizes the application, resource of Lithium and the technique of extracting Lithium from Salt Lake. The technique of extracting Lithium from Salt Lake includes precipitation, extractation, absorption and so on.This paper focuses on precipitation of Al(OH)3.By many experiments, the conditions of reaction of precipitation and lixiviation are optimized . The optimized conditions of reaction of precipitation are :(1) The concentration of Lithium is about 0.774 mg · L-1.(2) The mol of Al to Li is adjusted 3.5, and need 28 g A1Cl3 · 6H2O.(3) The mol of Na to Al is adjusted 2.6, and need 150 ml 2 mol · L-1 NaOH.(4) 150 ml 2 mol · L-1 NaOH is added into solution during 15 min.(5) Temperature of reaction is 60 ℃.The conditions of reaction of lixiviation are :At 400℃, the precipitate is baked 20min, then Lithium is lixiviated by water. After removing the impurity, Na2CO3 is added into the lixiviated liquid, then we can get the product of Li2CO3.By the precipiting and lixiviating, we can remove the most impurity and decrease the Mg/Li.The technique is simple with high the percentage of recycled lithium, high purity of Li2CO3-So the technique is feasible.

【关键词】 卤水氢氧化铝沉淀法浸出
【Key words】 lithiumbrineprecipitation of A1(OH)3lixiviation
  • 【分类号】TS396.1
  • 【被引频次】48
  • 【下载频次】1340
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