【作者】 王辉；

【导师】 吴大怡； 杨小东；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 口腔种植技术经30多年发展,已成为口腔修复的一项十分成熟的常规治疗手段,随着社会文明的进步,缺齿患者不仅要求义齿在生理功能上的满足,同时追求审美上的自然、逼真。纯钛牙种植体因生物相容性好、质轻、强度好等而广泛应用于临床,成功的满足了患者的生理功能需求。但种植体为钛金属,显示暗灰色,从而使种植体唇面的牙龈产生阴影或显灰色,影响了前牙区的美学效应。目前无论是从改进临床技术操作还是喷涂陶瓷于种植体颈部以及陶瓷基桩等方法来改善前牙区灰色,都存在一定的问题。 牙种植体材料的研究逐步走向成熟,钛金属陶瓷颈圈牙种植体从牙种植体的结构设计出发,将生物陶瓷应用于牙种植体结构中(本设计创新点),设计出满足美学修复的种植体。我们拟采用氧化锆、氧化铝、氧化钛、纳米氧化钛陶瓷应用于牙种植体颈部,筛选和设计出最优化的钛金属陶瓷颈圈牙种植体,完成美学修复。由于钛金属表面氧化钛的存在,用纳米二氧化钛陶瓷作种植体的颈部,贯穿“一体化”种植体的概念同时,还具有抗菌功能,是本设计的重点和创新点。 本文对应用较多的牙种植体、组织与种植体的结合情况、国内外牙种植美学修复的研究现状和存在问题、以及生物陶瓷的概况等进行了综述。截止到目前,本文主要由两部份工作组成:一是对钛金属氧化锆陶瓷颈圈牙种植体的研究。由于氧化铝、纳米氧化钛陶瓷颈圈在制备上的局限性,目前只制作了氧化锆陶瓷颈圈,氧化锆在生物材料中的应用研究相对较多,我们利用有限元分析及动物实验评价对钛金属氧化锆陶瓷颈圈牙种植体设计进行了初步的探讨(该部分为四川省科技攻关项目资助,项目编号:04CN032-007)。二是从材料的基更多还原

【Abstract】 The technology in dental implantology has already become a routine treatment means in mouth rehabilitation after 30 years development. With the progress of the social civilization, patients who lack tooth require the false teeth not only the physiologic function but also the lifelike teeth, aesthetic effect. Titanium implants have been used widely in hospitals because of the fine biocompatibility, light weight, high strength etc. which meet successfully the patients physiologic demand. However, the color of gingival on the labial surface is showed dark and gray because of the metal titanium, which influences the aesthetic feeling. At present, all methods exist in some problems, no matter the advanced clinical operate or spraying ceramic on dental implant neck and ceramic abutment etc.The design of dental implant with ceramic neck uses the bioceramic including zirconia, alumina, titania an nano-titania cermics into the structure. The idea of ceramic neck design is the novelty of this paper. We hope there is a good implant to complete aesthetic dental repair. The bonding mechanism of TiO₂ ceramic is just like that of titanium due to the titania gel layer. As the relationship between the TiO₂ and Ti and photocatalystic antibactial effect, we are focusing on the dental implant with nano- TiO₂ ceramic.In this paper, We overview the variety of dental implants, the bonding between tissue and dental implant, the research about aesthetic dental repair , and the bioceramic knowledge and so on. Up till now, there are two parts in the paper. Oneis researches in dental implant with zirconia neck. In the process of making, zirconia neck is easier than that of alumina, titania ceramic, so we evaluate the zirconia neck implant by finite element analysis （FEA） and animal experiment. The second part is researches in vitro bioactivity, mechanical ability and adsorption to BSA of composite: nanophase titania /bioactive glass-ceramic for improving the bonding between tissue and materials.Under normal physiologic loading, the design of zirconia neck can meet the mechanical demand through FEA. In the animal experiment, neither superficial nor deep infection was observed macroscopically. Zirconia ceramic bonded to tissue directly in histological section. So the structure of dental implant with zirconia neck has the feasibility in clinical application.From the point of basic research in materials, the composite of nanophase titania and BGC is bioactive material, whose bioactivity is based on the ratio of BGC. By conditioning the ratio of BGC and titania, it is possible to get biomedical composite with excellent biomechanical compatibility. Nano-titania ceramic will have potential value in clinical application with fine physics chemical property and unique antibacterial function as the biomaterial.更多还原