【作者】 孔阳；

【导师】 马养民；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 植物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 蝙蝠葛（Menispermum dahuricum DC.）为防己科蝙蝠葛属植物,在我国分布广泛,其干燥根茎药用价值显著。以往人们都只采其根部作药用而废弃了其地上部分,对蝙蝠葛资源造成了极大的破坏和浪费。并且,人们对蝙蝠葛化学成分的研究几乎全部集中在根部,对茎叶部分的研究非常少。为了扩大药源、合理的利用和保护蝙蝠葛资源,本论文对蝙蝠葛茎叶中的化学成分进行了系统研究,并对蝙蝠葛的化学成分、药理作用和应用情况进行了简要综述。 首次对蝙蝠葛茎叶的粗提物进行了抗菌活性测试,发现石油醚萃取物对青霉菌（Penicillium. sp.）有强抑制作用;乙酸乙酯萃取物对假丝酵母菌（Candiasp）有强抑制作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）和大肠杆菌（E. coli）有较强抑制作用,对辣椒疫霉菌（phytophora capsic）有抑制作用;正丁醇萃取物对所有测试菌无明显抗菌活性。 在活性跟踪下对乙酸乙酯萃取物进行了分离纯化,从中分离得到了7种化合物（化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ和Ⅶ）。对化合物Ⅰ和Ⅱ进行了抗菌活性试验结果表明化合物Ⅰ具有较强地抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和辣椒疫霉菌的活性,Ⅱ具有强抑制假丝酵母菌的活性,对辣椒疫霉菌也有抑制作用。 最后对7个化合物进行了理化性质分析和光谱分析(UV、IR、¹HNMR和¹³CNMR),通过解析最终确定了其中3个化合物的结构:化合物Ⅰ为槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷即异槲皮素苷,化合物Ⅲ为山柰酚3-O-葡萄糖苷即黄芪苷,化合物Ⅶ为蔗糖。初步确定了化合物Ⅱ为6,9-二羟基-10-甲氧基-2,3-亚甲二氧基菲。其中化合物Ⅰ和Ⅲ以及菲类化合物在蝙蝠葛属植物中为首次发现。更多还原

【Abstract】 Menispermum dahuricum DC. belongs to Mennispermaceae and distributes widely in China. People used to only pick roots of it as Chinese medicine, getting rid of leaves and stems. As a result, the resources of M. dahuricum DC. are seriously destroyed. Almost all research work about M. dahuricum DC. focuses on root, only a little on leaves and stems. For the purpose of enlarging the officinal resource, utilizing and protecting the resource of M. dahuricum DC, we studied the components of its leaves and stem, summarized the components, medical function and application briefly.The anti microbial components from various extracts were investigated for the first time. It was found that the components from petroleum ether have high antimicrobial activity on the Penicillium.sp. The components from ethyl acetate can restrain the Staphylococcus aureus seriously, and have high antimicrobial activity against Candiasp, E. coli, and phytophora capsic. The components from n-butanol have no antimicrobial activity.We derived seven compounds from ethyl acetate extract. They are compound Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ and Ⅶ. It was found Compound I can restrain the Staphylococcus aureus, and phytophora capsic. Compound Ⅱ have antimicrobial activity on Candiasp and phytophora capsic. On the basis of chemical reaction and spectral data (UV、 IR、 ¹HNMR and ¹³CNMR) ,Compound Ⅰ was elucidated as isoquercitrin, Compound Ⅲ was elucidated as kaempferol- 3-O-glucosylside, Compound Ⅱ was provisional elucidated as 6,9-dihydroxy-10-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxy phenanthrene. Compound Ⅰ, compound Ⅲ and phenanthrene are isolated from the stems and leaves of M.dahuricumDC. for the first time.更多还原