【作者】 赵付霞；

【导师】 谢翔；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本课题旨在了解当前深圳市大众健康理念及其体育行为的现状,对造成该现状的各种因素进行分析,为了解深圳市体育人口现状和促进我国城市大众体育的发展提供理论依据;为当前我国大众健康事业的发展提供参考。调查结果显示,深圳市大众基本上能够认识到健康的重要性,但对三维健康观的理解、健康状态的改善以及对健康的维护方式,仍存在差异。在健康理念方面,中间年龄的人群优于低年龄的人群,高龄人群最为薄弱;管理人员的健康理念最科学,其次是教科文工作者、工人、服务人员、其他职业人员;文化程度高的人群健康理念比文化程度低的人群全面;经济收入高的人群比收入低的人群好,男性比女性好。但是深圳市居民深入了解三维健康观,并利用体育改善和维护健康的人数较少。不同年龄的人群进行体育锻炼的积极性呈两头高中间低的趋势。教科文工作者最积极,其次是工人、管理人员、服务人员。文化程度高的人群比文化程度低的人群积极。收入较高和较低的人群参加体育活动的积极性偏低;男性比女性积极。深圳市大众开展的最为普遍的体育活动是散步、跑步、羽毛球、棋类等对运动场地要求不高或在参与过程中投资不大的运动项目,并且主要选择在一些免费的场所进行体育活动。深圳市居民参加体育活动的形式较为广泛而灵活,主要有与朋友同事一起、个人锻炼、与家人一起等。辅导站、俱乐部以及居委会组织的形式偏少。深圳市居民月平均体育消费小于50 元的占大多数。中间年龄的人群体育消费高于年轻人,最低的是老年人。管理人员的体育消费最高,往下依次是教科文工作者,工人、服务人员、其他职业人员。并且体育消费与文化程度和经济收入成正相关。深圳市大众不参加体育活动的主要原因是工作忙、缺少时间、缺少场地器材、没兴趣、经济紧张、不懂锻炼方法,怕人笑话等。由此可见,好的健康理念并不等于好的体育行为,究其原因,主要是人们对体育的参与意识较弱。因此,建议政府部门有针对性的加强健康理念和体育知识的宣传,使人们建立正确的健康观和体育观。通过各种渠道加强群众的体育健身意识,并开展一系列的形式多样、群众乐于接受和参与的体育活动。地方政府应提高公共体育场馆、设施的利用率,并把规划体育场馆和培养体育指导员等工作以政策、法规的形式固定下来,从制度上建立保障体系。新的居民小区应把体育配套设施纳入审批的必备条件。充分发挥地方体育专业人才的特长,鼓励他们通过变通体育项目的活动方式和挖掘体育的各种潜在的功能,以满足不同年龄、不同职业、不同文化程度、不同经济收入和不同性别人群的体育活动的需求。更多还原

【Abstract】 We pose this task for finding out what current health concept and physical behavior are in Shenzhen City, analyzing every factor that cause the status, and discussing the internal relations between these two points. Our purpose is to provide theory reference for keeping abreast of developments in sports population and public sports. According to surveys, townspeople of Shenzhen City know the importance of health basically, but have very different opinions about three-dimensional idea of health and how to improve and keep health. In this aspect of health concepts, people who are in a middle-age, have stronger awareness of health than younger people, while advanced-age are less concern for. As for profession level, the consciousness of health in administrative staff, people in education, science and culture fields, service staff and persons in other fields is depressive. People who have high educational level or high incomes are better than low educational level or low incomes; male group is better than female one. But just a few people have a three-dimensional idea of health, and know how to take advantage of doing exercises to improve and keep health. The enthusiasm of different groups of people for physical exercises tends to be high at both ends and low in the middle. To be more specific, factory workers are the most active group while managers, attendants and those working in technology, education, scientific, and cultural organizations come next. The group with higher level educational background is better than that with lower level and male group is better than female one. The most popular exercises in Shenzhen city are walking or jogging, shuttlecock, chess, which has a low requirement for the exercising ground or a low investment in the activities. Moreover, these activities are usually held where it costs nothing. The residents in Shenzhen city take part in the activities in different forms. They sometimes do exercises with friends, colleagues, and family members or do them individually. Such exercising organizations as tutoring stations, sports clubs and organizations by neighborhood committees are fewer. Most of the residents spend less than 50 Yuan on sports. And the middle-aged groups spend more than the young. The old aged groups come last. The administrators are the highest consumers, and next come common workers, attendants and those working in technology, education, scientific, and cultural organizations and people in other professions. Furthermore, the consumption of physical exercises is closely related to the educational level and income. The main reasons for people not taking part in exercises are that my work is rather busy and I don’t have spare time. There are not enough grounds or equipments for exercises. I don’t know the way of doing exercises and I am afraid of being mocked at by others. Thus it can be seen that a good health concept dose not equal to a reasonable physical behavior. That’s mainly because people’s sense of participation to sports is weak. The paper suggests that our government enforce the spreading of health concept and PE knowledge to help people build a right view towards health and PE. Besides, we should cultivate the conscience of people to keep health through exercises and hold a series of activities of all kinds for the people to accept and take part in. The local government should try to improve the using conditions of gyms and the equipments. What’s more, the building of gyms and the training of referees in the society should be enforced in the form of policy or regulations to build an ensuring system for the public. The construction of a new area should take the sports ground into consideration. The talent of those majoring in PE in the locality should be used and encouraged to develop the functions of PE through different activities to satisfy the needs of those different in age, profession, educational background, income and sex.更多还原