【作者】 陈丽萍；

【导师】 钟海青；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 专业学位(professional degree)是相对学术学位(academic degree)而言的一种学位划分方式。专业学位与学术性学位相比较,是水平相当的同级学位,但各有特点,其不同之处主要表现在培养要求、知识结构和能力结构上的不同侧重。专业学位作为具有职业背景的一种学位,是为培养特定职业高层次专门人才而专门设置。我国于1978 年恢复研究生教育,1991 年第一个专业学位即工商管理专业学位生兴。专业学位历史虽短,但发展速度很快,已成为学位与研究生教育的重要组成部分,成为培养高素质、高层次、应用型、复合型人才的重要途径。从无到有,从有到多,专业学位研究生教育的发展对社会、经济和教育系统本身都起了一定的影响作用。实践证明,设置专业学位有效地改变了学位类型规格单一的状况,创造和开辟了研究生教育与经济、社会联系的广阔渠道。它的出现和发展建立了在职的高层次人才培养新体系,使成人知识有机会得到更新、科技素质有机会得到提高,专业学位研究生教育畅通了科研合作渠道。但在发展期间专业学位研究生教育在培养模式、管理体系等方面也需认真探讨,此中存在一定的困难及问题。入学动机、师资力量、工学矛盾、生源分布不均、课程设置不合理等都急待解决。专业学位研究生教育是新生事物,对于那些亟待解决的问题可从以下方面着手:培养单位加强自律、改善生源数量与质量、加强课程的应用性、及时更新师资队伍并且进一步规范管理工作等。专业学位研究生教育是研究生教育中的重要部份。往年,学术性学位研究生毕业的工作去向多数为高校或科研单位,但随着人员的饱和,硕士研究生毕业后越来越多的要走上企业,由此,社会也越来越希望硕士研究生是应用型的研究生,是到单位来就能解决实际问题的人。而专业学位教育相对学术学位教育而言就是倾向于应用型、复合型人才的培养,因此,结合社会用人单位日趋变化的用人要求,专业学位研究生教育应该成为研究生扩招的主要方向。本研究为专业学位研究生教育提供新的视角,为学位教育的发展的研究也带来了新的启示,具有理论意义;同时,本研究对研究生教育也具有参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Professional degree is degree classification relative to academic degree. Professional degree and academic degree are of the same level, even though they have their separate emphasis in education object, knowledge and ability structure. Professional degree is a degree with a professional background, specially designed for the education of advanced professionals. The post-graduate education was resumed in 1978 in China and in 1991 the first professional degree, business management degree came into being. Although professional degree has a short history, it develops with a rapid speed, which has become an important part of post-graduate education, an important way to cultivate practical, high-quality people with various capabilities to fit in with the society. With a gradual development, professional degree has produced an active effect on the social system of economics and education, which makes a great change in the singularity of the varieties and standards of the degrees, and creates plenty of connections between post-graduate education and economics as well as the whole society. Professional degree is a new education system for the working individuals with a high position, helping to bring an enhancing opportunity to improve their knowledge and skills, and meanwhile, it widens the cooperation channel between education and scientific research. However, education models and management structures of professional degree need to be paid close attention to, as some difficulties and problems exist in them in the process of development, for example, application motivation, teaching staff, the conflict between working and study, concentrated sources of students, and improper subject arrangement. And these are the effective solving methods to the problems mentioned above: strict self-control of the colleges that has the authority to give the degree, adjusting the number and improving the quality of the students, enforcing the practicability of the subjects, updating the teaching staff, and making the management more reasonable. Professional degree plays an important role in the post-graduate education. Over the past years, post-graduates with academic degree usually would find a job in colleges or research departments, while now, with fewer and fewer positions left, post-graduates have to choose an enterprise or a company, where post-graduates with real abilities to work out practical problem are in an urgent demand. Therefore, in the expansion of the post-graduates enrollment, professional degree should become the major direction. This survey provides a new perspective to post-graduate education with professional degree, and brings new reveal to the advance of degree education as well, with important theoretical significance. Meanwhile, this survey is also for the reference of post-graduate education.更多还原