【作者】 张玉敏；

【导师】 苏幼坡；

【作者基本信息】 河北理工大学 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 为了最大限度地减轻地震灾害,人们提出了结构控制的概念。但是,目前这些控制装置或系统只是最大限度地减少或隔离水平地震作用,而对竖向地震作用几乎没有影响。由于地震动本身具有多维特性,对于一些位于高烈度区和震中附近的重要建筑和基础设施,同时考虑竖向地震分量的三维基础隔震是非常必要和重要的。但是,国内外对竖向基础隔震的研究尚无实质性进展。现提出一种碟形弹簧竖向减震装置,可以有效的解决竖向基础隔震问题。碟形弹簧竖向减震装置由碟形弹簧和粘弹性阻尼器并联组成。能有效的解决竖向大承载力和竖向阻尼的难题。该装置不仅具有适宜的刚度和阻尼性能,而且性能稳定,结构紧凑,加工制作容易。除了可以用于工程结构的竖向基础隔震外,还可以用于机械设备的隔振。因此,具有广阔的应用前景。在充分研究了碟形弹簧竖向减震装置特点的基础上,设计并制造了减震装置模型,对该模型的竖向刚度和阻尼性能进行了静载与动载试验研究和理论分析。研究结果表明:该竖向减震装置具有较适宜的刚度和阻尼性能。竖向阻尼比能达到15～30%,其静载刚度和承载力与理论计算吻合的很好。采用层间计算模型对隔震结构的竖向地震反应进行了计算,建立了相应的简化模型及运动方程;设计了一幢八层的钢筋混凝土框架结构,对其隔震前后的地震反应进行了时程分析。研究结果表明。碟形弹簧竖向减震装置具有较好的隔震效果:(1)竖向减震以后结构的各层最大轴力比未经隔震以前的建筑降低40%左右。(2)在罕遇竖向地震作用下,隔震后结构的最大竖向绝对位移是2.569mm,而碟形弹簧竖向减震装置有效位移的设计允许值是16mm,保证了大震下结构的安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to mitigate the disaster, the structural control technique has been put forward.All of these control systems only weaken or isolate the horizontal earthquake responses, asto the vertical earthquake responses, all these methods may not work well. For someimportant buildings and facilities in the high earthquake risk region, it is necessary toconsider the effects of 3D anti-seismic analysis including vertical component because theearthquake itself has multi-dimensional characteristics. But there not is now still anysubstantial improvement about the vertical base-isolation. In this paper a kind of dishspring vertical damping device is put forward to solve the vertical base-isolationeffectively.The dish spring vertical damping device is in the parallel connection with dishspring and damper with viscidity and elasticity. The model presented in this dissertation iseffective in the resolution of difficulty in strong vertical capacity and vertical damper ofvertical isolation bearings. It is not only with vertical appropriate stiffness and damperperformance, but also with easy stable performance and compact system, easy tomanufacture as well. The device has wider application future in vertical base isolationstructure, and it can be also used in isolation of mechanical equipments.Based on the research of the property of the vertical damping device, the dampingdevice are designed and manufactured. A series tests of designed damping devices understatic loads and dynamic loads are performed, and the experimental results indicate that thestiffness and damp properties of these damping devices is feasible.The vertical dampingratio can reach up to 15-30percent ,the stiffness and loading capacity under static loads arewell matched with the results of theoretical calculation.In this paper calculations on vertical earthquake respond of the vibration mitigationhave been carried out by using the story-shear calculating model ,and the correspondingsimplified model and equilibrium equation have been built up. A eight-floor reinforecedconcrete frame structure has been designed, and the temporal analysis of the earthquakereaction has been done on the earthquake reaction before and after the base-isolation. It isapproved that the device of disk spring can work efficiently in vertical seismic isolation.1. The maximum axial force on every floor is decreased by 40% before and after vertical base-isolation.2. The maximum vertical absolute displacement after vibration is 2.569mm underthe rare vertical earthquake, while the designed value of the effective displacement of thevertical base-isolation with dish spring is 16mm, that can ensure the safety under heavyearthquake更多还原