工程项目治理研究

【作者】 王玉林；

【导师】 刘玉敏；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 工商管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 建筑业是我国国民经济的重要组成部分,建筑工程是建筑业的主要产品,工程项目管理水平的高低,直接影响着整个建筑业的投入产出效率。在现行的工程项目管理制度体系下,作为工程项目的直接所有者的施工企业,对工程项目采取的一般是生产经营责任制和经济承包责任制两种管理方法。从实践来看,这种管理制度体系,一方面存在着管理组织结构不全面,过度偏重于对生产经营的组织;另一方面,也存在着公司与工程项目之间的决策权力划分不明确、对项目经营者缺乏有效的激励以及监督约束不力等问题。在如何维护工程项目利益相关者(比如业主、供应商等)的利益以及保护环境等承担企业的社会责任方面,项目所有者和经营者更是漠不关心者多。这些问题的存在,一方面影响了工程项目管理的科学决策和产出效率,另一方面,也直接损害了工程项目利益相关者的利益,甚至造成不良社会影响。 公司治理是以治理结构和治理机制为核心的一套现代企业制度的设置和安排。这种制度安排能够有效地解决现代企业制度下由于所有权与经营权分离所带来的委托代理问题。规避经营者的自利行为和道德风险,最大限度地保障和实现股东、债权人、员工、顾客和社区等利益相关者的最大权益。工程项目作为一个利益主体,也存在着两种利益主体的冲突。即内部利益相关者(公司或项目所有人、项目经理、员工等)和外部利益相关者(包括业主、工程咨询单位、供应商、债权人、社会团体、政府、社区等)之间利益冲突。也存在着项目的所有者与项目经营者之间的监督与制衡问题,激励与约束问题。如何设计一套合理的工程项目的治理结构和治理机制,有效地调动项目经营者的积极性,提高工程项目的效率是一个十分重要的问题。 本文在深入分析工程项目管理现状的基础上,借鉴现代公司治理理论,从研究治理结构和治理机制入手,对工程项目中的治理问题进行了深入的研究,提出了工程项目治理的一般模型,即利益相关者治理模型。在此基础上,将公司治理分为内部治理和外部治理,内部治理又分为公司层治理和项目层治理,通过治理更多还原

【Abstract】 Construction industry is one of the most important parts of our national economic, and the construction engineering is the main product of the construction industry, and the management level of construction project will affect the efficiency of the input and output of the construction industry.According to the nowadays’ engineering project management institution system, the constructing enterprise will mainly take two methods of engineering project management, one is production and operation liability institution, the other is economic input & output take-all institution.Summarized according to the daily working experience, this management institution has two kinds of shortcoming: first, the organization structure can not cover the management affairs entirely, mainly focus on the organizing of the operation; on the other hand, the liability dividend between the project and the mother company is not clear、 lack of effective inspiration to the project operator and effective supervision to the project operator.Furthermore, both the project owner and the project operator pay little attention to keeping the profit of the relative profit earners and the society liability such as protecting the environment.These problems affect the scientific decision and the efficiency of production, on the other hand, they damage the profit of the earners relative to the project, and they can even make bad effect in the society.The corporation governance is a series of installment and arrangement of modern enterprise institution centered on governance structure and governance mechanism. This kind of institution arrangement can solve the problem of authorization caused by the separation of the ownership and the operation liability under the modern enterprise institution and avoid the selfish behavior and the moral risk, assure and realize the maximum profit of the shareholders、 workers、 customers and the community in the maximum extent, there is the collision of the two profit body inside the project working as a whole profit earning body.It is the collision between the inner relative profit earner(including the project owner n project manager > workers) and the external relative profit earner(including the constructor project consultant company> supplier governments community). There is also a problem of the supervision and equilibrium s inspiration and constraint between the project owner and project operator.In this article, based on the engineering project management and modern corporation governance, the author deeply analyzed the governance problem in the engineering project, supplied the common governance model of the engineering project, the governance model of using relative profit earner.On this base, the corporation governance is divided into inner governance and external governance, and the inner governance can also be divided into company level governance and project level governance, and allocate the right and the liability between the owner and the project operator and make the achievement appraise standard to encourage and punish the operator through the installment and institution arrangement. Separately, the author introduced the content and method of engineering project from the two aspects of governing the structure and governing the institution.The character and innovation of this thesis are effectively combined the governance theory and engineering project management, advocated the new think method of governance of engineering project. Improved the structure system of engineering management, designed a structure system confirm with engineering project management and gave relative implement ways. The research result can establish a set of effective institution of supervision and equilibrium, allocated the right and liability between the project manager and other joiners effectively, thus the goal of engineering project can be realized and the maximum company profit and society profit can be assured.更多还原