【作者】 阳恩会；

【导师】 王存堂；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 基于大尺度球面静压支承的大型转子静平衡仪由于其检测精度高、检测方便等优点必将取代传统的卧式大型转子静平衡仪。而球面静压支承球面副摩擦流动特性对静平衡仪的设计和检测精度有很重要的影响。 为此,本文结合与某船舶螺旋桨厂的合作项目:大型螺旋桨液压静平衡仪,对大型转子静平衡仪的球面摩擦副展开研究,为高精度大型转子静平衡仪的设计和实际开展静平衡检测提供一定的理论基础。 首先,本文对大型转子静平衡仪球面摩擦副的摩擦流动特性进行了研究,通过对承载能力、油腔压力、泄漏功耗和加工难易的分析,选择出了球面副合适的结构参数;推导出了球面副静态摩擦力矩的计算公式,并对球面副的支承特性和油膜刚度进行了分析,发现毛细管节流器、球面副结构参数对支承特性和油膜刚度有明显影响。 其次,本文对重载下静平衡仪球面副的油膜挤压效应进行分析,推导出了存在油膜挤压时的承载能力的表达式,并探讨了球面副结构参数对它的影响,分析了挤压时系统的阻尼问题,并探讨了球面副结构参数对挤压时间的影响。结果表明发生油膜挤压时系统阻尼为一变量。 再次,本文介绍了基于大尺度球面静压支承的大型转子静平衡仪的结构和原理,简化出了其悬浮系统的物理模型。在此基础上,建立了考虑内支撑筒的弹性变形与否时悬浮系统的数学模型,同时,建立了线性化的仿真模型,利用MATLAB对阶跃负载输入和油源压力脉动输入下的系统进行动态过程的数值仿真,结果表明球面副的结构参数,油液的有效体积弹性模数对系统的响应特性有明显的影响,而内支撑筒的弹性变形对悬浮系统的响应特性的影响很小,在工程上可以忽略其弹性变形。 最后,应用相似性原理,搭建了开展静平衡仪球面副摩擦机理研究的试验装置,完成了测量系统的设计,设计了测量静态摩擦力矩的方案,并讨论了测量油腔压力、泄漏量和油膜厚度的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Static balancing machine for huge rotor based on large-scale spherical hydrostatic bearing has some virtues, such as high measuring precision and measuring convenience, so it will be replace traditional horizontal static balancing machine for huge rotor. Furthermore, the friction and flow characteristics of the spherical pair of hydrostatic bearing have important influences on the design and measuring accuracy of static balancing machine.So, combining the item of Marine Propeller Plant, hydraulic static balancing for huge propeller, study of spherical friction pair of static balancing machine for huge rotor was done in this dissertation. It will provide some theoretical foundations for the design of high precision static balancing machine for huge rotor and the practice of static balance detection.Firstly, the friction and static characteristics of large-scale spherical pair were studied. The suitable structure parameters of the spherical pair were chosen through analyses of load capacity, oil pressure, leakage rate and the processing of it. The calculation formula of static friction torque of spherical pair was set up. And the effects of capillary tube and structure parameters of spherical pair on the support property and oil film stiffness were investigated.Secondly, the squeezing effect of oil film under huge load of spherical pair was analyzed. The damping of squeezing effect was studied. And squeezing time was explored. The conclusions show that the damping and squeezing time are dramatically influenced by structural parameters of spherical pair.Thirdly, The working principle, structure and characteristics of static balancing machine for huge rotor were presented and the physical model of suspension system of it was established. Basing on it, the mathematics models of suspending system were derived. Two kinds of situations of the interior supporting collet of static balancing machine were considered for the elasticity deformation and no elasticity deformation. At the same time, linear simulation models were set up with Laplace transform. The digital simulation of thedynamic processes under step load input and supply oil pressure fluctuation were carried on by MATLAB. Analysis of the dynamic characteristics was done with the changes of the supply pressure, load, structural parameters of spherical hydrostatic bearing and the effective bulk modulus of oil. The conclusions show that structural parameters of the spherical bearing and the effect bulk modulus of oil have significant influence to dynamic characteristics, but the elasticity deformation of interior supporting collet has very small influences on the output response characteristics of the suspension system. The collet’s deformation can be neglected on the project.Finally, the experimental equipment was set up applying similar principle, in order to carry on the study of friction mechanism of spherical pair of static balancing machine. The design of test system was finished, and the scheme to measure the static friction torque of the spherical pair was designed. At the same time, the methods for measuring the pressure oil recess, the leakage rate and the oil film thickness of the spherical pair were put forward.更多还原