新型变电站电压无功综合控制系统研究

【作者】 芦洪涛；

【导师】 厉吉文；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 变电站综合自动化,电网调度自动化和区域网电压无功优化控制的发展,对变电站电压无功综合控制系统(VQC)提出了越来越高的要求。本文从变电站电压无功优化控制和提高变电站综合自动化水平着眼,对变电站电压无功控制应用方面的问题进行了研究,并在MCVQ-1型电压无功控制装置的基础上进行了新型变电站电压无功综合控制装置的研制工作。 首先简要回顾电压无功控制的发展概况,着重分析并指出了变电站电压无功控制装置的实现方式及现有电压无功控制装置的缺陷;通过理论分析,在讨论电力系统电压、无功调节特点以及电压无功总体控制原则的基础上讨论了变电站电压无功控制特性以及控制原理,给出了变电站电压无功的控制规律;考虑了变压器分接头的变化及电容器组的投切对无功和电压的综合影响,提出将基于模糊边界的电压无功调节判据应用于新型控制装置,针对电压、无功的各种运行控制区域给出了相应调节策略;从理论上分析了谐波与并联电容器的相互影响,从电压无功装置的角度提出防止变电站谐波放大的措施。 随着计算机技术、通信技术以及变电站自动化、调度自动化水平的提高,区域电网电压无功优化控制的实现已成为可能,本文就实现电压无功优化控制的两种方式进行了比较,提出分布式电压无功优化控制系统更适合目前电网运行。结合区域网电压无功优化控制和变电站自动化系统的实际要求,对调度与VQC通信内容进行了讨论,提出了VQC通信的内容及数据结构,制定了VQC与调度端的通信规约,并在MCVQ-1型电压无功控制装置上实现了通信功能。 最后本文在MCVQ-1型电压无功控制装置的基础上,提出了面向分布式电压无功优化控制系统的AVR+DSP的新型变电站电压无功综合自动控制装置的研制,给出了具体的软硬件设计方案。由AVR单片机作为系统主CPU,承担系统的控制任务,完成对外围电路和人机接口的控制,处理外部中断,并完成与上位机的通信功能;采用数字信号处理器(DSP)TMS320F240作为从CPU,承担系统主要数据采集和处理任务;采用交流采样,得到高精度的测量结果,能够自动实时测量电网的电压、电流、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数和谐波含更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of substation integrated automation, power network dispatching automation and regional voltage and reactive power optimal control put forward higher and higher demands to the voltage and reactive power integrated control system (VQC) in substation. In order to optimize the voltage and reactive power control and improve the level of substation integrated automation, this thesis is specialized in the application of voltage and reactive power control in substation and carries on research to novel VQC device on the basis of MCVQ-1 device.Firstly, the thesis briefly reviews the history of voltage and reactive power control technology, focusing on the defects of the equipment in use. Then, with the theoretical analysis and the discussion on voltage and the characteristic of power system as well as the basic principle of voltage and reactive power control, the thesis makes a research on the character of voltage and reactive power control and interprets the controlling regularity of substation. In addition, with the consideration of the changes of transformer taps and the combined influence of capacitor groups and reactive power and voltage, it have work regulate based on fuzzy border voltage criterion apply the new-type control device the thesis makes adjustment suggestion to the different operating-zones of voltage and reactive power. It analyzed the influence of harmony and parallel capacitor and proposed measures of preventing the harmony to be amplified in substation from the VQC device.With the improvement of the computer technology, communication technology, substation automation and dispatching automation level, regional voltage and reactive power optimal control already become possible. Two means of realizing voltage and reactive power optimal control are compared, then, integrated to the require of the regional power network voltage and reactive poweroptimal control and substation automation system, the paper discussed the communication content between the dispatcher and the VQC terminal and proposed the communication content and data structure and communication protocol was made. The communication function has been realized on MCVQ-1 and work well.Finally, this paper proposed to develop AVR+DSP new-type voltage and reactive power control device on the basis of MCVQ-1 and provided the concrete design plan of software and hardware. AVR as the principal CPU undertake the control task of system to fulfill the control of circuit outside and man-machine interface, deal with the interrupt outside, finish the communication with the center computer. DSP (digital signal processor) as the subordinate CPU undertake data gathering and processing. System adopt AC sample to receive the high-accuracy measurement result. It can measure the real-time voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor and content of harmonious wave of the power network, monitor the position of taps of transformer and the state of protection equipments. Through adjusting advanced control strategy based on fuzzy theory to adjust shunt capacitor and transformer, it can suppress the wave of system voltage effectively, keep qualified voltage, balanced reactive power and fixed power factor, meanwhile, it can ensure minimum operation times of transformer taps and shunt capacitor switch. Through the measurement of harmonic, it can estimate if the harmonic will be amplified after puting into capacitor in advance, thereby suppress the amplifing of harmonic effectively and guarantee the security of the capacitor groups; It has strong and reliable communication function and cooperate with the optimal software in the dispatcher center to realize regional power network voltage and reactive power optimal control effectively.更多还原