自然资源保护立法研究

【作者】 崔金星；

【导师】 李希昆；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 自然资源保护,是环境资源法学界长期研究而未能取得显著成果的领域,关于自然资源保护立法问题,学术界长期在法律地位归属、与相关法之间的关系、法律原则及法律制度设计等问题方面未能达成共识,立法方面亦长期没有取得明显的进展,客观上,加剧了我国自然资源整体恶化的态势,自然资源保护立法成为摆在环境资源法学界面前艰巨而急迫的任务。 本论文共六章。第一章首先对学术界关于自然资源保护法的法律地位归属及其与相关法之间关系作了归纳,在此基础上论证分析了自然资源保护法的独立部门法的地位的理论优势和可行性条件,认为我国应该进行统一的自然资源立法,自然资源保护法与自然资源行业法和单项资源法应共同成为综合性自然资源法统领下的独立子部门法。 本文第二章、第三章对我国自然资源保护立法现状从自然资源保护法规、资源保护管理体制、资源保护基本法律制度等方面进行了充分的阐述和深入的剖析,并运用资源—经济—生态系统的观点,分析了我国目前自然资源问题的基本态势。在此基础上按照可持续发展的要求,对我国自然资源保护立法在价值观、利益观、价值取向、指导思想、立法理念、立法目的、立法体系、自然资源管理体制、资源保护法律制度、资源物权等方面进行了评析。随后,本文第四章运用比较法学的基本原理,对国际自然资源保护法的发展历程、发展阶段、发展领域、发展方向,对国外资源保护典型国家,美国和日本等国家的自然资源保护立法现状及立法特点及其对我国自然资源保护立法的借鉴意义等方面进行了论述,在此基础上归纳出国际自然资源保护立法的大趋势及其对我国的资源保护立法的借鉴意义。本文第五章首先运用自然资源生态学的基本理论和原理,阐述、分析了我国资源生态学下的资源观、资源分类体系、自然资源生态属性、资源生态规律、资源开发利用的生态效应及引发的资源生态问题,指出资源生态理论的发展对我国自然资源保护提出的变革和挑战:随后运用自然资源经济学的基本理论和原理,系统分析了资源经济学视角下的自然资源问题、资源经济学基本原理以及资源经济理论对我国自然资源保护立法带来的变革与挑战,并提出了我国资源保护立法相应的应对措施。 本文最后一章是结论,在对我国自然资源保护立法现状及其评价、自然资源问题基本态势、国际国外资源保护立法发展趋势及借鉴意义、资源生态、资源经更多还原

【Abstract】 The protection of the natural resources, is a field that is envisaged by the domain of Environmental law, and has not gotten remarkable progression. Within the realm of the law of the Natural Resources Protection, the focuses are the status of the law of Natural Resource Protection, the connection between the law of Natural Resource Protection and the laws in point, the principles of the laws and the legal system. The situation is one of the factors that pricks up the degradation of the natural resource.The whole thesis is divided into six parts. The first part sums up the general situation of the law of the Natural Resources Protection in China. Then it demonstrates the advantages and the feasibility of the independent status of the law of Natural Resources Protection.The second part and the third part first expatiate and anatomize the actuality of the law of the Natural Resource Protection in detail from the aspects of the ideas, the behalf, the purposes, the system, the physical rights of the natural resources, rules of law, the system of resource management, the basic legal system. Then it analyses the conditions of the problem of the natural resources.The fourth part analyses the international laws and the foreign laws of the Natural Resources Protection. It analyses the history, the seedtime, the primary realm and the growing direction of the international law. Then it continues to expatiate the laws in America and in Japan, the primary countries which have made great progress in protection of the natural resources. Just on this foundation, this thesis generalizes the main characters and the trend of the foreign law of the Natural Resources Protection and the use for reference to our country.The fifth part analyses the challenges and the regulations which the theories of the resource economics and the resource ecology have brought to the protection of the natural resource.The final part is the conclusion of this thesis. It brings forward the ways of consummation of our resource laws on the foundation of the theories above. It discusses the legislative purpose and guiding principles of the law, the status of the laws of Natural Resources Protection, the ways to protect natural resource under themarket economy, managing of natural resources in the way of active assets, the perfection of the system of using natural resource beneficially. It discusses the basic principle of the laws of Natural Resources Protection, and thinks that the unitive management of the value and function, the resource rights controlled by the government, using natural resources with financial obligation, ecological compensation in the using natural resource, and using natural resource in the best way, the natural resource programming and the balance of the interest are the essential principle of the laws of Natural Resources Protection. In the end, it gives out the ways to perfect the legal systems of the natural resource right, the transfer of the natural resource rights, macroscopical accommodation of the natural resource, the administrative management of the natural resource.更多还原