【作者】 王晓艳；

【导师】 陈顺立； 黄金聪；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 森林保护学， 2005， 硕士

【副题名】生物学、生态学研究

【摘要】 红腹柄天牛(Aphrodisium faldermannii rufiventris Gressitt)属于鞘翅目、多食亚目、叶甲总科、天牛科、天牛亚科、柄天牛属。分布福建、广西、四川。主要寄主有罗浮栲、甜槠、阿丁枫等阔叶树。该虫主要是蛀入树干或在韧皮部来回蛀害,造成水分和营养物质的输送中断,最后导致整株树枯死。目前,国内外有关红腹柄天牛的研究报道仅有蒋书楠等(1985)在中国经济昆虫志第35册鞘翅目天牛科(三)中,对该虫的成虫的形态特征作了描述,并报道其分布于福建、广西、四川。有关该虫的寄主植物、幼期形态、生物学、生态学特性以及综合防治措施等,均未见有报道。本研究主要对红腹柄天牛的生物学特性和为害特点及幼虫的空间格局进行了系统的观察研究,掌握其发生发展规律,为防治工作提供科学依据;同时采用不同的防治措施,筛选合理有效的防治方法,对害虫进行综合防治;初步研究了树皮特征及总糖、可溶性糖含量与其危害的关系。 1.红腹柄天牛生物学特性 红腹柄天牛在福建戴云山自然保护区2年发生1代,当年以幼虫、次年以成虫在被害木虫道内越冬。卵呈长圆形,长径约4.80mm,雌成虫产卵的始盛期在5月上旬至中旬,盛期为5月下旬到6月上旬,6月中旬是产卵末期。卵期7～17d。幼虫共8龄,历期约481d。雄蛹体长32～36mm,雌蛹体长41～52mm。触角、翅、足不贴附蛹体,腹节能活动。成虫出孔后即可交配,交配为重叠式,雌虫在下雄虫在上,交配时雌虫静伏不动或作缓慢爬行,遇惊时则迅速分开躲避,持续时间5～10min,交尾时间长的可达30min,相隔8min后可进行二次交尾,雌雄成虫具多次交尾习性。一般于11～17时交配较频繁,少数夜间交配。1头雌虫最大产卵量69粒,最少为20粒,在1株树上产卵量4～46粒不等。雌雄性比约为1:1。 2.红腹柄天牛的空间格局和垂直分布研究 运用M~*=α+β(?)线性回归计算,求得α=0.2881>0,β=1.3868>1,这说明红腹柄天牛幼虫种群空间格局的基本成分是个体群,且基本成分的分布格局为聚集型。徐汝梅(1984)的M~*～m改进型(M~*=α′+β′X+γ′X~2)中,α′=2.2323>0,β′=1.9947>1,表明幼虫更多还原

【Abstract】 Aphrodisium faldermannii rufiventris Gressit belongs to the Coleoptera, Polyphaga, Chrysomeloidea, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae, Aphrodisium Thomson.Distribute the Fujian, Guangxi, Szechwan.The main host has the Castanopsis fabri, C.eryei, Altingia chinensis...etc. the broad-leaved brood tree.That insect mainly is to bore into the tree trunk or bore to harm back and forth in the phloem, bast, result in the transport of humidity and the nourishment material interruption, cause the whole stub brood tree death finally.Currently, the domestic and international research on Aphrodisium faldermannii rufiventris Gressitt was reported by Jiang Shu-nan (1985).The host plants the larvae period appearance, biology,ecology characteristic and the integrated control method of the insect have not been reported.Research on the space structure,form of characteristics, instar larvae ,biology characteristic demulcent, reconciliation of the insect, control it working to provide science for the prevention and cure synchronously adopt the different prevention and cure measure, sieve the prevention and cure method of the reasonable availability, carrying on the integrated control to the pest;Combine the first step studied the bark feature and total sugar, the dissolubility sugar contents with its the relation for endanger. l.Biology of Aphrodisium faldermannii rufiventris GressittAphrodisium faldermannii rufiventris Gressitt has one generation per 2 years and overwinters in larvaes of the first year and adults of the second year in the bored channel of trunk or branches in various regions of Daiyunshan Mountain,in Fujian Province. The egg presents the long circular, the long path of it is about 4.80 mm. The imago begins to oviposit in the first and the middle of ten days of May, prosperous expect to be for the from the end of May to the beginning of June, the middle ten days of June is to produce the last phase of egg. The egg expects the 7-12 d, the most long can amount to the 17d.The larvae is 8 generations, the period is about 481d.Long 32-36 mm of the male pupa, long 41-52 mm of the female pupa.The antennae, wings, foot does not stick to attach the body of the pupa, the stomach economy energy activity.Can immediately mate after eclosion, mate for the overlap type, thefemale at under the male insect at up, mating hour the female quiet motionless or make the slowness to crawl along, meet surprised the hour then avoids quickly and separately.The copulation can keep on 5-10 min, can amount to the 30 mins, can carry on two times after being separated the 8 min. The adult can copulate many times . Mate 11-17:00 more multifarious, the little nighttime mate. A female adults produce biggest 69 eggs , minimal is 20, produce 4-46 eggs on one stub tree .The female and male compare about 1:1. 2.The space structure and perpendicularities of Aphrodisium faldermannii ruflventris GressittThe regression models test show that M*=a+px , a=0.2881>0, (3=1.3868>1; M’=a’+p/x+y/xV=2.2323>0, p’=1.9947>l;C’=0.034 6x+2.936 8,L/=1.0346S2+2.927 7.That show the space distribution coincides with aggregation distribution. The correlation coefficients of four model are very high.It shows that the four regression model are validate.lt shows that the space distribution coincides with aggregation distribution from different point of view.lt is calculated that p’>p\, Po<Poo by the zero frequency method.That shows the space distribution coincides with aggregation distribution . The species group type is "zero frequency dependent". The perpendicularity distribute of the larvae shows that a density of insects and the height of the tree is obvious. And we can measure to calculate a density of the whole insect of stub tree according to a density of insect of the tree trunk 3m the following .Use a prevention and cure of medicine should the medium lower part of the point prevention and cure tree trunk, save the prevention and cure expenses, raise the prevention and cure result. 3.The integrated control ofAphrodisium faldermannii rufiventris GressittThe temperature of artificial cultivating the Scleroderma guani is 25-28 "C, the relative humidity is 60~80% .The temperature, degree of humidity high or low are all not suitable for the scleroderma guani. The proportion of the larvae and the scleroderma guani is different because of size of the host. General one the larvae need three the scleroderma guani ,if the host bigger we can add the number of the scleroderma guani.The infestation indoor experiment on control of Monochamus Hope shows that the larvae can be infested. The indoor experiments shows that the poison the label fill the bore method is more effective than inject method, but mix with the insecticide and compare the one to try an efficiency high, creation for reducing the pest drug-resistant, the exaltation destroys insects the result, suggestion usage admixture the insecticide poison the label fills the更多还原