【作者】 刘亮；

【导师】 张永祥；

【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 ， 市政工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工农业的迅速发展,水体污染现象日益严重。加强污水处理,控制氮、磷等营养性物质进入水体是防止水体污染的主要途径。生物脱氮技术因其特有的技术经济优势,受到了人们的普遍重视。但是,目前我国城市污水处理厂多数采用单纯以去除有机物为目标的传统工艺。为此,本文在借鉴国内外已取得的研究成果的基础上,进行生物脱氮的理论与实验研究,为污水处理厂的合理运行和改造提供实验技术参考和理论依据。本试验考察了不同HRT、温度、DO、进水水质等各种影响因素下, A2/O 工艺的污水处理的效果,并在已知上述每种影响因素单独作用的基础上通过正交试验考察多种因素共同作用下的最佳组合,找出硝化反应和反硝化反应均较为明显的工况条件,为下一步采用15N 同位素标识技术研究脱氮机理做准备。另外,试验还证明了倒置A2/O 工艺的脱氮处理效果优于传统A2/O 工艺。本试验采用15N 同位素标识技术对生物硝化及反硝化过程进行了研究。结果表明:在含15N 标识的人工配制硝酸盐培养液中,发生反硝化作用时,溶液中剩余硝酸盐内仍含有15N 值,同时产生含15N 的氮气。在动态A2/O 系统中,发现缺氧区和厌氧区反硝化反应导致δ15N 升高,好氧区硝化反应导致δ15N 下降。研究成果更正了前人研究的问题,说明15N 在检测反硝化反应的定性、定量关系中是行之有效的,为污水微生物除氮研究提供了创新的、实用的实验技术和理论方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, water body has been increasing polluted. Strengthening sewage disposal, controlling nitrogen, phosphorus nutrition material enter water body to prevent main way of water pollution from. The biological N and P removal technology has been used successfully to treat a variety of pollutants, particularly effective in nitrogen removal from wastewater. In China, most of the municipal wastewater is still treated with traditional methods, which can only remove organics (COD). This dissertation studies the mechanisms and processes of biological nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater. And presents the plant experiment technique reference and theory in the run rationally and reconstruct plant. This test has investigated the result of sewage disposal of A2/O craft at different HRT , temperature , DO , water quality ,etc. various kinds of influence factors, and investigate through paying the test many factors act on the best association under together on the basis of already knowing above-mentioned each kind of influence factors to act on alone, find out the condition which nitrification and denitrification both comparatively obvious, prepare for that adopt 15N isotope identification technical research denitrification mechanism next. In addition, it also proves that the result of invert A2/O craft is superior to traditional A2/O craft in denitrification. Laboratory experiment used 15N isotope identification technology to study the process of microbial nitrification and denitrification. The result showed that the δ15N of residual nitrate increased in manual configurating nitrate culture which 15N isotope when the denitrification acted. And gas, which had 15N isotope, had been increasing during the process of denitrification. In dynamic A2/O system , finds the anaerobic and anoxic district denitrification cause δ15N to rise ,and the aerobic district nitrification cause δ15N to drop.The research proved that the δ15N value was very effective to determine the qualitative and quantitative relationship, which affords practice experiment technique and theoretic method to the research on the wastewater denitrification. Key words: wastewater treatment;biological denitrification;A2/O craft;isotope更多还原