【作者】 李静静；

【导师】 卢新明；

【作者基本信息】 山东科技大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 针对地质找矿预测、矿产资源评估和矿产资源开发利用的特殊需要,深入研究地质体三维可视化技术就显得特别重要。包含断层的复杂地质体的三维数学描述与模拟,目前仍处于研究探索阶段,其主要技术路线是首先根据钻孔岩芯数据或地震剖面解释而形成的剖面数据以及区域地质调查获得的有关数据,基于2D/3D剖面,形成合理的断层面,然后建立地质体的TIN模型,实现三维计算机模拟。 从等高线图自动绘制的发展历史及现状可以看出,断层等高线图是平面等高线图的一部分,含断层等高线图的自动绘制,尤其是带交叉断层等高线图的自动绘制技术发展缓慢,半手工绘制单一断层和交叉断层的等高线图的现象还普遍存在。本文通过探讨等高线的绘制原理,在计算机上实现了单一断层和交叉断层地质等高线图的自动绘制。 本文除了简单介绍了数字高程模型的定义、特点、发展和应用,重点介绍了它的表示方法——不规则三角网,还详细地阐述了不规则三角网中Delaunay三角网的建立方法,从离散点数据结构出发,通过不规则三角形网来建立岩层和断层的数字高程模型,求出单一断层与岩层的断层交线,特别是处理了交叉断层的生成断层交线情况;以断层交线为约束条件,对含有单一断层和交叉断层的区域进行带约束边的三角剖分,从而建立起断层模型;单个岩层的断层模型建立起来之后,缝合岩层建立三维地质体,并实现了基于DEM的三维可视化;利用该断层模型即从带约束的三角网的三角形的每条边出发跟踪等值点,最后连接等值点,从而构造出相应的地质等高线图,实现单一断层和交叉断层的等高线的自动绘制。更多还原

【Abstract】 In especial demand for the forecast of searching for mines, the evaluation, exploitation and utilization of mineral products, deeply researching the technology of 3D visualization of geological body looks more important. 3D mathematical description and simulation about Complex geological body containing faults has still been researched in the groping phase. According to boring drill core data, section data formed by explanation to seismic section, correlative data obtained by territorial geologic investigation, based on 2D or 3D section, forming rational fault section, then building TIN model of geological body. These are the main technical itinerary.From the development and present status of automatic mapping contour maps, we know that the technology of automatic mapping contour maps which contains faults especially cross bedded faults was developed slowly, which are part of contour maps. In the process of our factual work, the phenomenon of half-handcraft mapping contour maps containing singular and cross-bedded faults is ubiquitous. By discussing the theory of mapping contour maps, we realize the automatic mapping contour maps including singular and cross-bedded faults.Besides the brief introduction to the definition, characteristic development and application of Digital Elevation Model, we introduce triangle irregular network as a kind of importantly expression methods of DEM and in detail expatiate the creating methods of Delaunay triangulation network. Making use of the data structure of dispersed points, we can build DEM of terrace and faults appeared by triangle irregular network. Utilizing the principle that an intersected line may exist in two triangles, we can obtain a great deal of intersected lines exiting in the terrace and the fault triangles. In particular, we can process the intersected lines of cross-bedded faults and the terrace triangles. We regard the intersected lines as restricted sides, and carve up the effect areas of these sides, then triangulate the areas, as a result building the fault model. Once fault model was build based on singular terrace, we can sew up many terraces, and establish three dimension geological body, and realize three dimension visualization. Avail oneself of the fault model, we can search for equivalent points from every side of restricted triangle irregular network, connecting equivalent points, eventually obtaining slippery curves, i.e. contour maps. As a result, we can acquire the automatic mapping contour maps.更多还原